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Fertilisation is the union of the special nuclear contents (gametes) of a grain of pollen and an ovule.

The nuclear content comprises a special molecule that has a code or “plan” of what the new plant must be like. We refer to this as the chromatin network, which consists of the molecule known as DNA. You will learn about the exact significance of this later.

A zygote, the beginning of the new organism, or plant, develops as soon as the nuclear content or gametes have fused.

The process of fertilisation is represented in the following sketch:

Assignment 1:

1. Present the five-step process that takes place from the moment of pollination to fertilisation:

2. Explain what happens to the following structures once fertilisation occurs:

a) ovary

b) ovule

Assessment: Mechanism of pollination and fertilisation

Were you able to analyse the mechanism and present its steps?

[LO 2.1; LO 2.2]

The formation of seeds is necessary for the process of propagation. The process of distributing the seeds or fruit ranks with this in importance.

Optional / For Enrichment:

The educator could suggest a project dealing with fertilisation through which you could investigate the interesting ways and mechanisms of propagation that form part of this process.

The David Attenborough video, The Secret life of Plants, could be viewed as an alternative. It contains astonishing visual material.

Assessment

LO 1: Scientific investigations:

The learner will be able to act confidently on curiosity about natural phenomena, and to investigate relationships and solve problems in scientific, technological and environmental contexts.

This is evident when the learner:

  • plans investigations;
  • conducts investigations and collects data;
  • evaluates data and communicates findings.

LO 2: Constructing Science Knowledge:

The learner will know and be able to interpret and apply scientific, technological and environmental knowledge.

This is evident when the learner:

  • recalls meaningful information;
  • categorises information;
  • interprets information;

2.4 applies knowledge.

Memorandum

PLANT ORGANS: FLOWERS

Activity 1

Assignment 1

  • Flowering plants (Angiosperms) are the most prolific and successful group of plants on the earth. Their secret is partly related to the way in which they are propagated. The key to this secret lies in the structure of the flowers and in how they operate. The fact that propagation is SEXUAL , facilitates their success.
  • The flower is a structure that contains both the male and female structures of the plant. It is true that these aspects sometimes occur in separate flowers, but they generally occur together in a single bisexual (gynandrous) flower. If not, they will be unisexual, which means that there will be male and female flowers.
  1. Make a drawing of the flower, showing all its parts

2. Name the functions of each of the following:

Anther: where pollen is produced
Filament: the stalk of the stamen, which holds the anther in the right position
Stigma: the part of the ovary where the ripened pollen has to fall
Style: the long extension of the ovary that bears the stigma
Ovary: the place where the ovules are formed
Seedbed / ovulum: the body that develops into a seed when it is fertilised
Petal: part of the corolla, which attracts insects (by colour)
Sepal / calyx-leaf: protects the flower in its bud stage
Stamen: the male reproductive part of a flower, consisting of the anther and the filament
Pistil: the female reproductive part of a flower, consisting of the stigma, style and carpel
Footstalk / peduncle: the small stalk that bears the flower in the right position.

Questions & Answers

what is mutation
Janga Reply
what is a cell
Sifune Reply
how is urine form
Sifune
what is antagonism?
mahase Reply
classification of plants, gymnosperm features.
Linsy Reply
what is the features of gymnosperm
Linsy
how many types of solid did we have
Samuel Reply
what is an ionic bond
Samuel
What is Atoms
Daprince Reply
what is fallopian tube
Merolyn
what is bladder
Merolyn
what's bulbourethral gland
Eduek Reply
urine is formed in the nephron of the renal medulla in the kidney. It starts from filtration, then selective reabsorption and finally secretion
onuoha Reply
State the evolution relation and relevance between endoplasmic reticulum and cytoskeleton as it relates to cell.
Jeremiah
what is heart
Konadu Reply
how is urine formed in human
Konadu
how is urine formed in human
Rahma
what is the diference between a cavity and a canal
Pelagie Reply
what is the causative agent of malaria
Diamond
malaria is caused by an insect called mosquito.
Naomi
Malaria is cause by female anopheles mosquito
Isaac
Malaria is caused by plasmodium Female anopheles mosquitoe is d carrier
Olalekan
a canal is more needed in a root but a cavity is a bad effect
Commander
what are pathogens
Don Reply
In biology, a pathogen (Greek: πάθος pathos "suffering", "passion" and -γενής -genēs "producer of") in the oldest and broadest sense, is anything that can produce disease. A pathogen may also be referred to as an infectious agent, or simply a germ. The term pathogen came into use in the 1880s.[1][2
Zainab
A virus
Commander
Definition of respiration
Muhsin Reply
respiration is the process in which we breath in oxygen and breath out carbon dioxide
Achor
how are lungs work
Commander
where does digestion begins
Achiri Reply
in the mouth
EZEKIEL
what are the functions of follicle stimulating harmones?
Rashima Reply
stimulates the follicle to release the mature ovum into the oviduct
Davonte
what are the functions of Endocrine and pituitary gland
Chinaza
endocrine secrete hormone and regulate body process
Achor
while pituitary gland is an example of endocrine system and it's found in the Brain
Achor
what's biology?
Egbodo Reply
Biology is the study of living organisms, divided into many specialized field that cover their morphology, physiology,anatomy, behaviour,origin and distribution.
Lisah
biology is the study of life.
Alfreda
Biology is the study of how living organisms live and survive in a specific environment
Sifune
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Source:  OpenStax, Natural sciences grade 9. OpenStax CNX. Sep 15, 2009 Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11069/1.1
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