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Natuurwetenskappe

Graad 5

Die aarde en die heelal

Module 21

Hoe grond gevorm word

Aktiwiteit:

Om te kan verduidelik hoe grond gevorm word en hoekom grond vir diere belangrik is

[lu 1.3]

Die aarde bestaan uit hoofsaaklik drie lae: die kors, die mantel en die kern.

Die kors is die dunste laag en is ongeveer 35 tot 50 km dik. Dit bestaan hoofsaaklik uit soliede rots.

Die rotse aan die oppervlak breek voortdurend op om grond te vorm. Dit gebeur deurdat die hitte van die son en die koue van die nag die rotse weens uitsetting en inkrimping laat kraak.

Plantwortels veroorsaak dat die rotse nog verder opbreek. Nuwe plante groei in die skeure. Hulle vrek en verrot, en hierdie verrotte materiaal saam met kleiner rotsdeeltjies vorm grond.

Water (reën, riviere, die see) laat die rotse ook verder opbreek en spoel die deeltjies ook weg na ander plekke waar dan ook grond gevorm word. Baie klein deeltjies word ook deur die wind versprei.

Hoe word grond deur diere benut?

Skryf die dierename neer wat grond op een of ander manier benut, en verduidelik hoe hulle dit benut. Begin met die diere in die illustrasies hierbo en vul aan met nog meer voorbeelde van jou eie.

Wat gebeur met hierdie diere as hulle in of op die grond vrek?

Assessering

LU 1

WETENSKAPLIKE ONDERSOEK Die leerder is in staat om met selfvertroue op weetgierigheid oor natuurlike verskynsels te reageer, en om binne die konteks van wetenskap, tegnologie en die omgewing verbande te ondersoek en probleme op te los.

Dit is duidelik wanneer die leerder:

1.1 ondersoeke beplan;

1.2 ondersoeke uitvoer en data versamel;

1.3 data evalueer en bevindinge kommunikeer.

Memorandum

voorbeelde van diere wat die grond benut:

  • Erdwurm vreet verrottende materiaal in grond, grond beskerm teen hitte en uitdroging, asook predatore
  • Miere stoor kosvoorrade en eiers
  • Jagspinnekop tonnel in grond beskerm teen elemente en predatore
  • Haan/hen kry kos in/op grond, sand help met fynmaal van kos vir vertering
  • Haas Beskerming teen roofdiere, plek om kleintjies groot te maak
  • Mol Vind kos in grond (plantwortels en insekte)
  • Paddas Beskerming teen uitdroging en koue, oorlewing van ongunstige tydperke
  • Slange Beskerming teen natuurelemente en predatore
  • Vlakvarke Beskerming teen predatore

Diere wat vrek: hulle ontbind en die reste word deel van die grond, en so word grondvrugbaarheid bevorder.

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Source:  OpenStax, Natuurwetenskappe graad 5. OpenStax CNX. Sep 23, 2009 Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col10980/1.2
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