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Natuurwetenskappe

Graad 5

Die aarde en die heelal

Module 17

Ons aarde, die lewende planeet

Aktiwiteit:

Om die aarde as deel van die sterrestelsel te kan beskryf

[lu 2.1]

Een van die mooiste eienskappe van die mens is dat ons graag oor dinge wonder . In die Natuurwetenskappe moedig ons julle aan om te wonder oor dinge wat julle sien.

Wanneer laas het jy oor iets gewonder? Het jy al ooit gewonder oor die son? Oor die sterre? Oor die heelal en waar dit ophou? Of daar ander planete is waarop lewende wesens voorkom?

Wanneer laas het jy na die sterrehemel gekyk? Doen dit vanaand weer en terwyl jy kyk, onthou om te wonder oor dit wat jy sien en dit wat jy nie sien nie :

Die sterre wat jy sien, is sonne – hulle is net baie verder weg van ons af as ons eie son.

Ons kan die sterre sien, omdat hulle lig uitstraal. Dit neem die lig biljoene jare om ons hier op aarde te bereik.

Die heelal bestaan uit miljoene sterrestelsels .

Elke sterrestelsel bestaan uit ‘n baie groot aantal sonnestelsels .

Die mees sigbare deel van die sterrestelsel waarvan ons sonnestelsel deel uitmaak, is die melkweg .

Ons son is die ster wat die naaste aan die aarde is van alle sterre. Dit bestaan uit ‘n bol brandende gasse wat lig en hitte uitstraal. Dit is meer as 300 000 maal die grootte van die aarde.

Ons aarde is een van nege planete wat om die son wentel. Dit is die enigste planeet waarop lewe voorkom waarvan ons weet. Die nege planete is (van die naaste tot die verste van die son):

  • Mercurius
  • Venus
  • Aarde
  • Mars
  • Jupiter
  • Saturnus
  • Uranus
  • Neptunus
  • Pluto

Ons noem die pad van ‘n planeet rondom die son sy wentelbaan .

Baie planete het mane wat om hulle wentel. So het ons aarde ook sy eie maan. Die maan “skyn” nie, maar omdat die son daarteen skyn, lyk dit asof die maan lig afgee.

VRAE:

1. Hoekom kan ons sê die aarde is ‘n planeet?

2. Watter twee planete is die naaste aan die aarde?

3. Watter planeet is die naaste aan die son?

4. Hoekom praat ons nie van die maan as ‘n ster nie?

5. Die sirkel hier onder stel die aarde voor. Teken ‘n wentelbaan vir die maan soos jy jou dit voorstel. Dui ook die maan aan.

Assessering

LU 2

KONSTRUKSIE VAN WETENSKAPKENNIS Die leerder ken, interpreteer en pas wetenskaplike, tegnologiese en omgewingskennis toe.

Dit is duidelik wanneer die leerder:

2.1 betekenisvolle inligting onthou;

2.2 inligting kategoriseer en eie reëls vir kategorisering verduidelik.

Memorandum

Aktiwiteit:

Laat ruim tyd toe vir informele klasbesprekings oor die wonder van alles en ons reg om te wonder oor dinge.

VRAE:

  1. Die aarde wentel om ‘n ander ruimteliggaam, naamlik die son
  2. Mars en Venus
  3. Mercurius
  4. Die maan gee nie lig af nie – hy weerkaats bloot die lig van die son
  5. Laat die leerders eers hul eie poging aangewend. Verduidelik dan die volgende detail en laat hulle probeer om hul eie poging te verbeter:

‘n Ellipsvormige baan wat ongeveer 5 grade skuins t.o.v die aarde se ekwator lê. Die maan se deursnee is ‘n kwart van dié van die aarde. Die afstand tussen die aarde en die maan is 30 maal groter as die deursnee van die aarde.

Die volgende slegs vir interessantheid:

  • maandeursnee 3 476 km
  • aardedeursnee 12 750 km
  • afstand na maan 384 403 km

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Source:  OpenStax, Natuurwetenskappe graad 5. OpenStax CNX. Sep 23, 2009 Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col10980/1.2
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