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In my opinion, the most difficult aspect of teaching coding to beginners is getting their attention and getting them engaged. Therefore, the firstgroup of instructional modules in this collection will be designed to help beginners, their parents, and their teachers get started programming with Scratch .

Up until May 9, 2013, the latest version of Scratch was version 1.4. For several days prior to May 9, the Scratch website was shut down to allow the folks at MIT to migrate from version 1.4 to version 2.0.

On May 9, 2013, Scratch version 2.0 was officially released and the Scratch website was reopened reflecting that change. I will have more to say about the new versionof Scratch later. In the meantime, some of the following links may take you to information about the old version, some maytake you to information about the new version, and unfortunately, some may have become broken during the transition.

  • Click here to watch a short video about Scratch .
  • Click here to see what Mitch Resnick, director of the Lifelong Kindergarten group at MIT Media Lab has to say about the need for beginners to learn to code.
  • Click here to view the online version of an interesting Scratch project named Day Dream.
  • Click here to take an online tour of Scratch .
  • Click here to view online Scratch tutorial videos from MIT.
  • Click here to view thousands of online scratch projects.
  • Click here to learn more about scratch.

New features in Scratch 2.0

There are a number of new features in v2.0, some of which are very nice. I will refer you to this preview article that discusses some of those new features.

Internet access is required

There are a couple of critical aspects of v2.0 that I will mention. Although there was a strong web component that involved sharing projects with Scratch v1.4, that version of Scratch was a program that was downloaded, installed on the local machine, and run locally. Once the program was installed on the localmachine, Internet access was nice but no longer required.

Scratch v2.0 requires Internet access to be of any use. The developmentprogram runs online in a browser. Therefore, those without Internet access and those with poor Internet access won't be able to use Scratch v2.0.

Version 1.4 is still available

Fortunately, as of May 2013, it is still possible to download and install v1.4 from (External Link) . Then the program can be run locally without a requirement for Internet access.

The adobe flash player is required

Another critical aspect v2.0 is that the Adobe Flash player must be installed on the local machine to use v2.0. While this may not be a problem in most cases, itis something that potential users of v2.0 should be aware of.

My publications for Scratch v2.0

On the release date for v2.0 (May 9, 2013) , I was about two-thirds complete in the publication of a series of modules designed to connect the fun side of Scratch v1.4 to the serious world of Computer Science. I immediately put that v1.4 series on the back burner and began a newseries built around Scratch v2.0 . However, for the benefit of those who still need information about v1.4, I did not deletethe modules that I had previously published for that version. You will find those modules in this collection in addition to the modules for v2.0.

Questions & Answers

how does Neisseria cause meningitis
Nyibol Reply
what is microbiologist
Muhammad Reply
what is errata
Muhammad
is the branch of biology that deals with the study of microorganisms.
Ntefuni Reply
What is microbiology
Mercy Reply
studies of microbes
Louisiaste
when we takee the specimen which lumbar,spin,
Ziyad Reply
How bacteria create energy to survive?
Muhamad Reply
Bacteria doesn't produce energy they are dependent upon their substrate in case of lack of nutrients they are able to make spores which helps them to sustain in harsh environments
_Adnan
But not all bacteria make spores, l mean Eukaryotic cells have Mitochondria which acts as powerhouse for them, since bacteria don't have it, what is the substitution for it?
Muhamad
they make spores
Louisiaste
what is sporadic nd endemic, epidemic
Aminu Reply
the significance of food webs for disease transmission
Abreham
food webs brings about an infection as an individual depends on number of diseased foods or carriers dully.
Mark
explain assimilatory nitrate reduction
Esinniobiwa Reply
Assimilatory nitrate reduction is a process that occurs in some microorganisms, such as bacteria and archaea, in which nitrate (NO3-) is reduced to nitrite (NO2-), and then further reduced to ammonia (NH3).
Elkana
This process is called assimilatory nitrate reduction because the nitrogen that is produced is incorporated in the cells of microorganisms where it can be used in the synthesis of amino acids and other nitrogen products
Elkana
Examples of thermophilic organisms
Shu Reply
Give Examples of thermophilic organisms
Shu
advantages of normal Flora to the host
Micheal Reply
Prevent foreign microbes to the host
Abubakar
they provide healthier benefits to their hosts
ayesha
They are friends to host only when Host immune system is strong and become enemies when the host immune system is weakened . very bad relationship!
Mark
what is cell
faisal Reply
cell is the smallest unit of life
Fauziya
cell is the smallest unit of life
Akanni
ok
Innocent
cell is the structural and functional unit of life
Hasan
is the fundamental units of Life
Musa
what are emergency diseases
Micheal Reply
There are nothing like emergency disease but there are some common medical emergency which can occur simultaneously like Bleeding,heart attack,Breathing difficulties,severe pain heart stock.Hope you will get my point .Have a nice day ❣️
_Adnan
define infection ,prevention and control
Innocent
I think infection prevention and control is the avoidance of all things we do that gives out break of infections and promotion of health practices that promote life
Lubega
Heyy Lubega hussein where are u from?
_Adnan
en français
Adama
which site have a normal flora
ESTHER Reply
Many sites of the body have it Skin Nasal cavity Oral cavity Gastro intestinal tract
Safaa
skin
Asiina
skin,Oral,Nasal,GIt
Sadik
How can Commensal can Bacteria change into pathogen?
Sadik
How can Commensal Bacteria change into pathogen?
Sadik
all
Tesfaye
by fussion
Asiina
what are the advantages of normal Flora to the host
Micheal
what are the ways of control and prevention of nosocomial infection in the hospital
Micheal
what is inflammation
Shelly Reply
part of a tissue or an organ being wounded or bruised.
Wilfred
what term is used to name and classify microorganisms?
Micheal Reply
Binomial nomenclature
adeolu
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Source:  OpenStax, Teaching beginners to code. OpenStax CNX. May 27, 2013 Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11498/1.20
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