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Wiskunde

Getalbegrip, optelling en aftrekking

Optelling

Opvoeders afdeling

Memorandum

1.1 xi

1.2 xv

1.3 horlosies

2.

2.1 XLII

2.2 XCIX

2.3 MMDL

3.

3.1 608

3.2 65

3.3 3 257

4. Gaan verskil van jaar tot jaar

Kopkrapper

1. Skuif “minus” tot voor “x” sodat som lees 1 x 1 = 1

2.vat een by = weg en sit by – sodat som lees 1 = 111 – 11

Leerders afdeling

Inhoud

Aktiwiteit: om die skryfwyses van verskillende kulture te beskryf en te illustreer [lu 1.2]

  • Kan jy hieruit aflei hoe die Romeine 11 sou skryf?

_____________________________________________________________________

1.2 Hoe sou hulle 15 skryf?

_____________________________________________________________________

1.3 Waar word hierdie Romeinse syfers vandag nog gebruik?

_____________________________________________________________________

  • Kyk ook goed na die volgende:
Ons: 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
Romeine: X XX XXX XL L LX LXX LXXX XC C
Ons: 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1 000
Romeine: C CC CCC CD D DC DCC DCCC CM M

2. Gebruik nou die bostaande inligting en bereken die volgende.Skryf jou antwoord in Romeinse syfers:

  • 40 + 2 ________________________________________________________

2.2 90 + 9 ________________________________________________________

2.3 2 000 + 500 + 50 _______________________________________________

3. Jy het nou so pas geoefen om soos die Romeine te skryf. Hieronder is nog ‘n paar voorbeelde van hoe hulle ‘n sekere getal sou skryf. Kan jy dit in gewone (ons) syfers skryf?

3.1 DCVIII ________________________________________________________

3.2 LXV ________________________________________________________

3.3 MMMCCLVII __________________________________________________

4. Kan jy ons huidige jaartal in Romeinse syfers skryf?

Kopkrapper!

Die volgende vuurhoutjies is in Romeinse syfers gepak, maar die antwoorde is verkeerd. Kan jy deur net EEN vuurhoutjie te skuif, die som “regmaak” sodat die antwoord korrek sal wees?

TYD VIR SELFASSESSERING

Beoordeel jouself op ‘n skaal 1 – 4 deur net ‘n sirkel te trek wat waar is van jou:

Ek kan Glad nie Soms Meeste van die tyd Altyd
my sakrekenaar se konstante funksie gebruik vir herhaalde optelling. 1 2 3 4
Romeinse syfers neerskryf vir ons syfers. 1 2 3 4
Optel en die antwoord in Romeinse syfers gee. 1 2 3 4
Romeinse syfers in gewone syfers skryf. 1 2 3 4

Die Romeinse telstelsel raak egter baie ingewikkeld. Die desimale stelsel wat ons gebruik, is meer prakties. Kom ons kyk nou na die verskillende maniere waarop ons kan optel.

ONTHOU JY NOG?

  • Die antwoord van ’n optelsom word die SOM VAN die twee getalle genoem.
  • Die INVERSE (omgekeerde) bewerking van optelling is AFTREKKING.

HET JY GEWEET?

Die volgorde waarin getalle opgetel word, maak geen verskil aan die antwoord nie!

Byvoorbeeld: 5 + 4 = 4 + 5
9 = 9
So ook: (16 + 14) + 12 = 16 + (14 + 12)
30 + 12 = 16 + 26
42 = 42

Assessering

Leeruitkomste 1: Die leerder is in staat om getalle en die verwantskappe daarvan te herken, te beskryf en voor te stel, en om tydens probleemoplossing bevoeg en met selfvertroue te tel, te skat, te bereken en te kontroleer.

Assesseringstandaard 1.2: Dit is duidelik wanneer die leerder verskeie maniere beskryf en illustreer om getalle neer te skryf deur die geskiedenis heen in verskillende kulture (insluitend plaaslik).

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Source:  OpenStax, Wiskunde graad 5. OpenStax CNX. Sep 07, 2009 Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col10993/1.1
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