# 3.3 Lab 2: lab

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You will implement a fourth-order, elliptical, low-pass infinite impulse-response (IIR) filter as a cascade of two second-order sections.

## Implementation

On the DSP, you will implement the elliptic low-pass filter designed using the ellip command from IIR Filters: Filter-Design Exercise in MATLAB . You should not try to implement the notch filter designed in IIR Filtering: Filter-Coefficient Quantization Exercise in MATLAB , because it will not work correctly when implemented using Direct Form II. (Whynot?)

To implement the fourth-order filter, start with a single set of second-order coefficients and implement a singlesecond-order section. Make sure you write and review pseudo-code before you begin programming. Once your single second-order IIR is working properly you canthen proceed to code the entire fourth-order filter.

## Large coefficients

You may have noticed that some of the coefficients you have computed for the second-order sections are larger than 1.0in magnitude. For any stable second-order IIR section, the magnitude of the "0" and "2" coefficients( ${a}_{0}$ and ${a}_{2}$ , for example) will always be less than or equal to 1.0. However, the magnitude of the "1" coefficient can beas large as 2.0. To overcome this problem, you will have to divide the ${a}_{1}$ and ${b}_{1}$ coefficients by two prior to saving them for your DSP code. Then, in your implementation, you will have tocompensate somehow for using half the coefficient value.

## Repeating code

Rather than write separate code for each second-order section, you are encouraged first to write one section, thenwrite code that cycles through the second-order section code twice using the repeat structure below. Because the IIRcode will have to run inside the block I/O loop and this loop uses the block repeat counter ( BRC ), you must use another looping structure to avoid corrupting the BRC .

You will have to make sure that your code uses different coefficients and states during the second cycle ofthe repeat loop.

stm (num_stages-1),AR1 start_stage ; IIR code goes here banz start_stage,*AR1-

## Gain

It may be necessary to add gain to the output of the system. To do this, simply shift the output left (which can be doneusing the ld opcode with its optional shift parameter) before saving the output to memory.

Your grade on this lab will be split into three parts:

• 1 point: Prelab
• 4 points: Code. Your DSP code implementing the fourth-order IIR filter is worth 3 points and the MATLABexercise is worth 1 point.
• 5 points: Oral quiz. The quiz may cover differences between FIR and IIR filters, the prelab material, and theMATLAB exercise.

#### Questions & Answers

explain and give four Example hyperbolic function
The denominator of a certain fraction is 9 more than the numerator. If 6 is added to both terms of the fraction, the value of the fraction becomes 2/3. Find the original fraction. 2. The sum of the least and greatest of 3 consecutive integers is 60. What are the valu
1. x + 6 2 -------------- = _ x + 9 + 6 3 x + 6 3 ----------- x -- (cross multiply) x + 15 2 3(x + 6) = 2(x + 15) 3x + 18 = 2x + 30 (-2x from both) x + 18 = 30 (-18 from both) x = 12 Test: 12 + 6 18 2 -------------- = --- = --- 12 + 9 + 6 27 3
Pawel
2. (x) + (x + 2) = 60 2x + 2 = 60 2x = 58 x = 29 29, 30, & 31
Pawel
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Ifeanyi
on number 2 question How did you got 2x +2
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Mark and Don are planning to sell each of their marble collections at a garage sale. If Don has 1 more than 3 times the number of marbles Mark has, how many does each boy have to sell if the total number of marbles is 113?
Mark = x,. Don = 3x + 1 x + 3x + 1 = 113 4x = 112, x = 28 Mark = 28, Don = 85, 28 + 85 = 113
Pawel
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what is a solution set?
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divide by 2 on each side of the equal sign to solve for x
corri
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Beyan
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Opoku
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4
Trista
x-2y+3z=-3 2x-y+z=7 -x+3y-z=6
can you teacch how to solve that🙏
Mark
Solve for the first variable in one of the equations, then substitute the result into the other equation. Point For: (6111,4111,−411)(6111,4111,-411) Equation Form: x=6111,y=4111,z=−411x=6111,y=4111,z=-411
Brenna
(61/11,41/11,−4/11)
Brenna
x=61/11 y=41/11 z=−4/11 x=61/11 y=41/11 z=-4/11
Brenna
Need help solving this problem (2/7)^-2
x+2y-z=7
Sidiki
what is the coefficient of -4×
-1
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the operation * is x * y =x + y/ 1+(x × y) show if the operation is commutative if x × y is not equal to -1
A soccer field is a rectangle 130 meters wide and 110 meters long. The coach asks players to run from one corner to the other corner diagonally across. What is that distance, to the nearest tenths place.
Jeannette has $5 and$10 bills in her wallet. The number of fives is three more than six times the number of tens. Let t represent the number of tens. Write an expression for the number of fives.
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Need to simplify the expresin. 3/7 (x+y)-1/7 (x-1)=
. After 3 months on a diet, Lisa had lost 12% of her original weight. She lost 21 pounds. What was Lisa's original weight?
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