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Sosiale wetenskappe: aardrykskunde

Graad 8

Natuurlike hulpbronne

Module 10

Handel en nywerheid, mynbou

Handel en Nywerheid

  • Die ekonomie en die omgewing is onlosmaaklik verweef. ‘n Gesonde omgewing is nie net van ekologiese belang nie, maar ook onontbeerlik vir die ekonomiese welsyn van die land. ‘n Gesonde ekonomie kan nie op ‘n geskende omgewing en afgetakelde natuurbronne gebou word nie.
  • Ekonomiese ontwikkeling wat nie die omgewing in ag neem nie, is nog aanvaarbaar, nog prakties. Dit is nie toevallig dat leidende maatskappye besef dat omgewingskwessies onlosmaaklik gekoppel is aan politieke, ekonomiese en maatskaplike kwessies nie. Hulle aanvaar dat die versorging van die omgewing ‘n maatskaplike verantwoordelikheid is, en het ook reeds besef dat bewaring voordelig vir sake kan wees en dat vandag se eko-verantwoordelikheid môre se wins is. Dit behels veel meer as die blote verbetering van openbare betrekkinge: hulpbron-doeltreffende tegnologie, beter energiebenutting, die vermindering van afval en die voorkoming van besoedeling, kan winste aansienlik opstoot.
  • Dit is algemeen bekend dat ‘n groeiende ekonomie die welvaart moet skep om alle Suid-Afrikaners se lewenspeil te verhoog en uiters noodsaaklike maatskaplike opheffingsprogramme te finansier. Hierdie ekonomiese ontwikkeling moet egter verskil van die patroon wat voorheen in Suid-Afrika en ander geïndustrialiseerde Westerse lande gevolg is en die omgewing geskend en ‘n geweldige maatskaplike tol geëis het. Dié proses moet volhoubaar wees en binne die drakrag van die natuurlike omgewing geskied – nie daarbuite nie. Die klem moenie net val op die aantal goedere en dienste wat gelewer word nie, maar ook op die groei van persoonlike en menslike hulpbronne.

Handel en nywerhede in Suid-Afrika

Aktiwiteit 1:

Om die belangrikste nywerhede in die rsa by elke dorp of stad te identifiseer en neer te skryf

[lu 1.2]

Raadpleeg die sleutel en skryf die verskillende nywerhede wat in elke stad of dorp aangetref word, neer.

  • Kaapstad:
  • Saldanha:
  • Mosselbaai:
  • Port Elizabeth:
  • Oos Londen:
  • Durban:
  • Richardsbaai:
  • Kimberley:
  • Bloemfontein:
  • Sasolburg:
  • Vereeniging:
  • Witbank:
  • Johannesburg:
  • Pretoria:

Mynbou

  • Suid-Afrika is buitengewoon mineraalryk. Die land beskik oor die grootste bekende neerslae goud, chroom, mangaan, vanadium, andalusiet en die platinum-groep metale, asook reuse-reserwes ander waardevolle metale en minerale soos steenkool, nikkel, silwer, lood, fosfaat, uraan, titaan en sirkoon.
  • Die land kon sy vroeëre ekonomiese groei grootliks gehandhaaf deur die ontginning van hierdie nie-hernubare bronne. Mynbou het in 1961 sowat 29 persent van die Bruto Binnelandse produksie gelewer.
  • Mynbou is egter in wese ‘n nie-hernubare bedryf en kan nie ontwikkeling onbepaald na ‘n meer volhoubare ekonomie wat gegrond is op hernubare hulpbronne.
  • Mynboubedrywighede, wat oor sowat 1 persent van Suid-Afrika se oppervlakte voorkom, het massiewe omgewingskade aangerig en besoedeling in baie dele van die land veroorsaak.
  • Skade is byvoorbeeld aangerig deur die vrystelling van besoedelde water, lugbesoedeling (van brandende steenkoollae), afvalprodukte, osoonvernietigende CFK’s uit verkoelingsaanlegte en ruimteverkwistende mynhope en omgewingskending deur ongerehabiliteerde oopgroefmyne.
  • Daarbenewens is skaars hulpbronne, veral water en grond, in die verlede deur mynboubedrywighede verkwis en was mynbou ook die oorsaak van die ernstige omgewingsverwante gesondheidsprobleme onder sy werkers. Minerale ertsverryking het ook aansienlike omgewingskade aangerig.

Questions & Answers

how does Neisseria cause meningitis
Nyibol Reply
what is microbiologist
Muhammad Reply
what is errata
Muhammad
is the branch of biology that deals with the study of microorganisms.
Ntefuni Reply
What is microbiology
Mercy Reply
studies of microbes
Louisiaste
when we takee the specimen which lumbar,spin,
Ziyad Reply
How bacteria create energy to survive?
Muhamad Reply
Bacteria doesn't produce energy they are dependent upon their substrate in case of lack of nutrients they are able to make spores which helps them to sustain in harsh environments
_Adnan
But not all bacteria make spores, l mean Eukaryotic cells have Mitochondria which acts as powerhouse for them, since bacteria don't have it, what is the substitution for it?
Muhamad
they make spores
Louisiaste
what is sporadic nd endemic, epidemic
Aminu Reply
the significance of food webs for disease transmission
Abreham
food webs brings about an infection as an individual depends on number of diseased foods or carriers dully.
Mark
explain assimilatory nitrate reduction
Esinniobiwa Reply
Assimilatory nitrate reduction is a process that occurs in some microorganisms, such as bacteria and archaea, in which nitrate (NO3-) is reduced to nitrite (NO2-), and then further reduced to ammonia (NH3).
Elkana
This process is called assimilatory nitrate reduction because the nitrogen that is produced is incorporated in the cells of microorganisms where it can be used in the synthesis of amino acids and other nitrogen products
Elkana
Examples of thermophilic organisms
Shu Reply
Give Examples of thermophilic organisms
Shu
advantages of normal Flora to the host
Micheal Reply
Prevent foreign microbes to the host
Abubakar
they provide healthier benefits to their hosts
ayesha
They are friends to host only when Host immune system is strong and become enemies when the host immune system is weakened . very bad relationship!
Mark
what is cell
faisal Reply
cell is the smallest unit of life
Fauziya
cell is the smallest unit of life
Akanni
ok
Innocent
cell is the structural and functional unit of life
Hasan
is the fundamental units of Life
Musa
what are emergency diseases
Micheal Reply
There are nothing like emergency disease but there are some common medical emergency which can occur simultaneously like Bleeding,heart attack,Breathing difficulties,severe pain heart stock.Hope you will get my point .Have a nice day ❣️
_Adnan
define infection ,prevention and control
Innocent
I think infection prevention and control is the avoidance of all things we do that gives out break of infections and promotion of health practices that promote life
Lubega
Heyy Lubega hussein where are u from?
_Adnan
en français
Adama
which site have a normal flora
ESTHER Reply
Many sites of the body have it Skin Nasal cavity Oral cavity Gastro intestinal tract
Safaa
skin
Asiina
skin,Oral,Nasal,GIt
Sadik
How can Commensal can Bacteria change into pathogen?
Sadik
How can Commensal Bacteria change into pathogen?
Sadik
all
Tesfaye
by fussion
Asiina
what are the advantages of normal Flora to the host
Micheal
what are the ways of control and prevention of nosocomial infection in the hospital
Micheal
what is inflammation
Shelly Reply
part of a tissue or an organ being wounded or bruised.
Wilfred
what term is used to name and classify microorganisms?
Micheal Reply
Binomial nomenclature
adeolu
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Source:  OpenStax, Aardrykskunde graad 8. OpenStax CNX. Sep 11, 2009 Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11035/1.1
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