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Sosiale wetenskappe: geskiedenis

Graad 5

'n vroeë afrika-gemeenskap: mense van s.a.

Module 10

Vroeë kaapse huise en pioniershuise

AKTIWITEIT 1

OM INLIGTING OOR VROEË KAAPSE HUISE TE BEKOM EN VERSLAG DAAROOR TE DOEN

[LU 2.2; 2.3]

In 1652 het Jan van Riebeeck die fort De Goede Hoop aan die Kaap van klei en klip laat bou. Aan die begin het die Nederlanders meestal in die fort gebly, maar gou het hulle hul eie huise gebou.

Die Fort

Die eerste huise het min vertrekke gehad met klei- of ru klipmure. Die mure is met klei, wat van seeskulpe gemaak is, gemessel en rietdakke is opgesit. Die soldergewel (met die venstertjie) het verhoed dat reën van die dak af op die stoep drup. Omdat die grasdakhuise dikwels afgebrand het weens die vonke uit die skoorstene, is belasting van twee sjielings vir elke skoorsteen in ‘n huis betaal! Later is ‘n spesiale vloer vir die solder gebou om brande te help voorkom. Sommige historici meen ook dat, in die geval van ‘n brand, die gewels sou verhoed dat brandende dek-riete op die ingang val.

a) Daar is ook sterre, harte, vrugte, diere en blomme op die voorkante van die Kaaps-Hollandse huise se gewels aangebring namate tegnologiese ontwikkelings plaasgevind het. Verduidelik die redes daarvan aan jou maat.

Weens die brandgevaar van grasdakhuise, het al hoe meer mense teen die einde van die agtiende eeu platdakhuise in Kaapstad begin bou. Die huise het dikwels twee of meer verdiepings gehad.

Grasdakhuis

Platdakhuis

AKTIWITEIT 2

OM TUSSEN VERSKILLENDE TYDPERKE TE ONDERSKEI DEUR PIONIERSHUISE TE BESTUDEER

[LU 2.3]

HartebeeshuisDie veeboere het gewoonlik in eenvoudige rietdakhuisies gewoon. Vir die raamwerk het hulle jong takke in gelyke rye geplant en die punte na mekaar toe gebuig. Klei en stywe riete (“harde biesies”) is gebruik vir die mure – vandaar die naam hartebeeshuis.

Die Voortrekkers het in die agtiende eeu, na afloop van die Groot Trek, alles wat hulle in die hande kon kry, gebruik om huise mee te bou. Aan die begin het hulle meestal klei en klip gebruik om die een- of tweevertrekhuise mee te bou.

Daar was ook kapstylhuise, wat as’t ware ‘n staandak van riete op die grond was. Naby Riversdal (Suid-Kaap) is daar omtrent 70 sulke huise wat oor die see uitkyk. Dit is tans ‘n buitelugmuseum en nasionale monument. (Wat is korbeelhuise en waar kan ‘n mens vandag nog daarvan sien?)

a) Hou ‘n heerlike klasgesprek oor onderstaande sketse, wat uit verskillende typerke dateer.

Watter ooreenkomste (seuns) en verskille (dogters) is daar tussen die verskillende tydperke? (Wenk: Rangskik dit eers kronologies.)

[LU 2.3]

AKTIWITEIT 3

OM TUSSEN VERSKILLENDE TYDPERKE TE ONDERSKEI DEUR HUISE MET 'N BRITSE BOUSTYL TE BESTUDEER

[LU 2.3]

George III was koning in Brittanje toe die Britte die Kaap in 1795 vir die eerste keer oorgeneem het. Hulle boustyl is die Georgiaanse boustyl genoem.

Die huise was gewoonlik drie verdiepings hoog, van stene gebou, gewit en versier met pleisterkalk. Die indrukwekkende vensters is groot, goed geglasuur en die vensterrame is groen geverf.

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Source:  OpenStax, Sosiale wetenskappe: geskiedenis graad 5. OpenStax CNX. Sep 23, 2009 Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col10987/1.2
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