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A teacher can decide who or what will be the guiding mythic figure or image in advance or during the course of study as it arisesnaturally in working with the students.

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What mythic figure or image (either real, imagined, or historic) might serve as a guide for your students in their learning? Read what others have said. Add your thoughts. Join your global colleagues in conversationat the TWB Learning Cafe.

Introduction to cooperative learning

What is it?

Cooperative Learning is an instructional technique that uses positive interdependence between learners in order for learningto occur.

Overview

Research shows that both competitive and cooperative interactions are a healthy part of a child's repertoire of behavior. Bysecond grade, however, urban children have effectively extinguished their cooperative behavior and persist in competition, even when it'scounterproductive. By deliberately developing cooperative techniques, educators aim to correct the unconscious societal and educational biasthat favors competition.

Patterns for student interaction are called "structures." Together, teachers and students develop a repertoire ofthese structures. When the teacher announces that the class will use a particular exercise to explore today's lesson topic, students know whattype of interaction to expect. For example, when the teacher says the class will use the "Think-Pair-Share" exercise to study African wildlife,students know they will work independently to write down their thoughts on elephants or lions, then find a partner, share their ideas with theirpartner, and probe each other for complete understanding.

It is up to the instructor to integrate the interactive exercises with the specific lesson content. The teacher must give carefulthought to who should collaborate with whom and why; how to manage the classroom while unleashing cooperative activity; and how to balance theattention to both content and cooperative skill-building.

Features of cooperative learning

Cooperative Learning is most successful when the following elements are in place:

  • Distribution of leadership
  • Creation of heterogeneous groups
  • Promotion of positive interdependence and individual accountability
  • Development of positive social skills
  • Empowerment of the group to work together

Distribution of Leadership: All students can be leaders. They can also surprise you with their ability to rise to the occasion.

Creation of Heterogeneous Groups: You can either randomly place students in groups counting off by 1s, 2s, 3s, 4s, or 5s and putting allof the "1s" together, the "2s" in another group, and so on. Another way to do it is to review the learning styles and create groups that reflect differentkinds of learning.

Positive Interdependence and Individual Accountability: Students need to depend upon each other and work cooperatively. They need to know their roles, what they are expected to achieve, how to value their pieceof the puzzle, and how to demonstrate that it benefits the group. In this way, materials are shared; group members create one group-product groupmembers are given common tasks; and roles are rotated amongst the members.

Questions & Answers

what is microbiologist
Muhammad Reply
what is errata
Muhammad
is the branch of biology that deals with the study of microorganisms.
Ntefuni Reply
What is microbiology
Mercy Reply
studies of microbes
Louisiaste
when we takee the specimen which lumbar,spin,
Ziyad Reply
How bacteria create energy to survive?
Muhamad Reply
Bacteria doesn't produce energy they are dependent upon their substrate in case of lack of nutrients they are able to make spores which helps them to sustain in harsh environments
_Adnan
But not all bacteria make spores, l mean Eukaryotic cells have Mitochondria which acts as powerhouse for them, since bacteria don't have it, what is the substitution for it?
Muhamad
they make spores
Louisiaste
what is sporadic nd endemic, epidemic
Aminu Reply
the significance of food webs for disease transmission
Abreham
food webs brings about an infection as an individual depends on number of diseased foods or carriers dully.
Mark
explain assimilatory nitrate reduction
Esinniobiwa Reply
Assimilatory nitrate reduction is a process that occurs in some microorganisms, such as bacteria and archaea, in which nitrate (NO3-) is reduced to nitrite (NO2-), and then further reduced to ammonia (NH3).
Elkana
This process is called assimilatory nitrate reduction because the nitrogen that is produced is incorporated in the cells of microorganisms where it can be used in the synthesis of amino acids and other nitrogen products
Elkana
Examples of thermophilic organisms
Shu Reply
Give Examples of thermophilic organisms
Shu
advantages of normal Flora to the host
Micheal Reply
Prevent foreign microbes to the host
Abubakar
they provide healthier benefits to their hosts
ayesha
They are friends to host only when Host immune system is strong and become enemies when the host immune system is weakened . very bad relationship!
Mark
what is cell
faisal Reply
cell is the smallest unit of life
Fauziya
cell is the smallest unit of life
Akanni
ok
Innocent
cell is the structural and functional unit of life
Hasan
is the fundamental units of Life
Musa
what are emergency diseases
Micheal Reply
There are nothing like emergency disease but there are some common medical emergency which can occur simultaneously like Bleeding,heart attack,Breathing difficulties,severe pain heart stock.Hope you will get my point .Have a nice day ❣️
_Adnan
define infection ,prevention and control
Innocent
I think infection prevention and control is the avoidance of all things we do that gives out break of infections and promotion of health practices that promote life
Lubega
Heyy Lubega hussein where are u from?
_Adnan
en français
Adama
which site have a normal flora
ESTHER Reply
Many sites of the body have it Skin Nasal cavity Oral cavity Gastro intestinal tract
Safaa
skin
Asiina
skin,Oral,Nasal,GIt
Sadik
How can Commensal can Bacteria change into pathogen?
Sadik
How can Commensal Bacteria change into pathogen?
Sadik
all
Tesfaye
by fussion
Asiina
what are the advantages of normal Flora to the host
Micheal
what are the ways of control and prevention of nosocomial infection in the hospital
Micheal
what is inflammation
Shelly Reply
part of a tissue or an organ being wounded or bruised.
Wilfred
what term is used to name and classify microorganisms?
Micheal Reply
Binomial nomenclature
adeolu
what's microbiome?
john Reply
Microbiology is the scientific study of microorganisms
Ibra
the microorganisms in a particular environment (including the body or a part of the body).
Ibra
describe the bacterial cell
Akello
The biggest populations of microbes reside in the gut.other popular habitats include the skin genitals.The microbial cells and their genetic material ,the microbiome ,live with human from birth .
Zahreen
can agriculture be integrated into biology
David
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Source:  OpenStax, Course 2: new teaching methods. OpenStax CNX. Mar 23, 2006 Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col10333/1.18
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