# 0.4 Lab 4 - sampling and reconstruction  (Page 5/7)

 Page 5 / 7

To start the second experiment, double click on the icon named Sampling and Reconstruction Using A Sample and Hold . [link] shows the initial setup for this exercise. It contains 4 Scopes to monitor the processing done in the sampling and reconstruction system. It also contains a Network Analyzer for measuring the frequency response and the impulse response of the system.

The Network Analyzer works by generating a weighted chirp signal (shown on Scope 1 ) as an input to the system-under-test. The frequency spectrumof this chirp signal is known. The analyzer then measures the frequency content of theoutput signal (shown on Scope 4 ). The transfer function is formed by computing the ratio of the outputfrequency spectrum to the input spectrum. The inverse Fourier transform of this ratio, whichis the impulse response of the system, is then computed.

In the initial setup, the Sample-and-Hold and Scope 3 are not connected. There is no sampling in this system, just two cascaded low-pass filters.Run the simulation and observe the signals on the Scopes . Wait for the simulation to end.

Submit the figure containing plots of the magnitude response, the phase response, and the impulse response of this system.Use the tall mode to obtain a larger printout by typing orient('tall') directly before you print.

Double-click the Sample-and-Hold and set its Sample time to 1. Now, insert the Sample-and-Hold in between the two filters and connect Scope 3 to its output. Run the simulation and observethe signals on the Scopes .

Submit the figure containing plots of the magnitude response, the phase response, and the impulse response of this system.Explain the reason for the difference in the shape of this magnitude response versus the previous magnitude response.Give an analytical expression for the behavior of the magnitude plot for frequencies below $0.45$ Hz.

## Discrete-time interpolation

In the previous experiments, we saw that the frequency content of a signal must be limited to half the sampling rate in orderto avoid aliasing effects in the reconstructed signal. However, reconstruction can be difficultif the sampling rate is chosen to be just above the Nyquist frequency. Reconstruction is much easier for a higher samplingrate because the sampled signal will better “track” the original analog signal.

From another perspective, the analog output filter must have a very sharp cutoff in order to accurately reconstructa signal that was sampled just above the Nyquist rate. Such filters are difficult and expensive to manufacture.Alternatively, a higher sampling rate allows the use analog output filters that have a slow roll-off.These filters are much less expensive. However, a high sampling rate is not practical in most applications, asit results in unnecessary samples and excessive storage requirements.

A practical solution to this dilemma is to interpolate the digital signal to create new (artificial) samples between the existing samples.This may be done by first upsampling the digital representation, and then filtering out unwanted components using a discrete-time filter.This discrete-time filter serves the same purpose as an analog filter with a sharp cutoff, but it is generally simplerand more cost effective to implement.

where we get a research paper on Nano chemistry....?
nanopartical of organic/inorganic / physical chemistry , pdf / thesis / review
Ali
what are the products of Nano chemistry?
There are lots of products of nano chemistry... Like nano coatings.....carbon fiber.. And lots of others..
learn
Even nanotechnology is pretty much all about chemistry... Its the chemistry on quantum or atomic level
learn
da
no nanotechnology is also a part of physics and maths it requires angle formulas and some pressure regarding concepts
Bhagvanji
hey
Giriraj
Preparation and Applications of Nanomaterial for Drug Delivery
revolt
da
Application of nanotechnology in medicine
what is variations in raman spectra for nanomaterials
I only see partial conversation and what's the question here!
what about nanotechnology for water purification
please someone correct me if I'm wrong but I think one can use nanoparticles, specially silver nanoparticles for water treatment.
Damian
yes that's correct
Professor
I think
Professor
Nasa has use it in the 60's, copper as water purification in the moon travel.
Alexandre
nanocopper obvius
Alexandre
what is the stm
is there industrial application of fullrenes. What is the method to prepare fullrene on large scale.?
Rafiq
industrial application...? mmm I think on the medical side as drug carrier, but you should go deeper on your research, I may be wrong
Damian
How we are making nano material?
what is a peer
What is meant by 'nano scale'?
What is STMs full form?
LITNING
scanning tunneling microscope
Sahil
how nano science is used for hydrophobicity
Santosh
Do u think that Graphene and Fullrene fiber can be used to make Air Plane body structure the lightest and strongest. Rafiq
Rafiq
what is differents between GO and RGO?
Mahi
what is simplest way to understand the applications of nano robots used to detect the cancer affected cell of human body.? How this robot is carried to required site of body cell.? what will be the carrier material and how can be detected that correct delivery of drug is done Rafiq
Rafiq
if virus is killing to make ARTIFICIAL DNA OF GRAPHENE FOR KILLED THE VIRUS .THIS IS OUR ASSUMPTION
Anam
analytical skills graphene is prepared to kill any type viruses .
Anam
Any one who tell me about Preparation and application of Nanomaterial for drug Delivery
Hafiz
what is Nano technology ?
write examples of Nano molecule?
Bob
The nanotechnology is as new science, to scale nanometric
brayan
nanotechnology is the study, desing, synthesis, manipulation and application of materials and functional systems through control of matter at nanoscale
Damian
Is there any normative that regulates the use of silver nanoparticles?
what king of growth are you checking .?
Renato
What fields keep nano created devices from performing or assimulating ? Magnetic fields ? Are do they assimilate ?
why we need to study biomolecules, molecular biology in nanotechnology?
?
Kyle
yes I'm doing my masters in nanotechnology, we are being studying all these domains as well..
why?
what school?
Kyle
biomolecules are e building blocks of every organics and inorganic materials.
Joe
how did you get the value of 2000N.What calculations are needed to arrive at it
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