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Natuurwetenskappe

Graad 8

Biodiversiteit: aanpassings en oorlewing

Module 26

Oorlewing: habitat

Hoekom vind ’n mens sekere plante en diere net in sekere gebiede?

Aktiwiteit: om inligting te evalueer

Werk in pare. Teken ‘n tabel met drie kolomme met elk van die volgende bo-aan:

PLANTE:

Plantnaam

Waar groei dit?

Waarom groei dit daar?

Bespreek die bostaande vraag en voltooi dan die tabel deur enige voorbeelde waaraan julle kan dink in te vul. Gebruik voorbeelde van wilde diere en plante in hulle natuurlike omgewing. Moenie troeteldiere, plaasdiere of tuinplante gebruik nie.

DIERE:

Diernaam

Waar tref ons dit aan?

Waarom tref ons dit daar aan?

Assessering van HABITATBESPREKING:

Kon jy sinvolle antwoorde uit die bespreking kry?

[LU 1.3]

Plakkaat: groepwerk 4 - 5 leerders

Beplan ’n plakkaat om die habitatte van die diere uit jou lys aan te toon. Kies twee uiteenlopende habitatte en probeer oorspronklik wees. Sluit ten minste drie diere by elke habitat in.

  • Gebruik tekeninge of prente. Versamel dit en bring dit klas toe om die opdrag te voltooi.

Kriteria:

  • Benader die opdrag as ’n stuk navorsing en sluit die volgende stappe in:
  • Beplan die ondersoek
  • Versamel die data
  • Formuleer en kommunikeer die bevinding
  • Formuleer ’n verklarende opskrif
  • Maak die plakkaat so kleurvol as moontlik
  • Gebruik groot teksletters
  • Sluit name van groeplede in
  • Verdeel take
  • Besluit wie gaan terugvoering gee

Assessering van PLAKKAAT:

Het jy konstruktief deelgeneem aan die groepaktiwiteit deur die ondersoek te beplan (1.1), data in te samel (1.2) en bevindinge te kommunikeer (1.3)?

[LU 1.1; 1.2; 1.3]

Oorlewing in ’n Habitat

Organismes leef in ’n natuurlike omgewing waar hulle kos, water en skuiling teen vyande kan kry.

Diere sal ook paarmaats wou aantref.

Sommige organismes het spesiale aanpassings vir al die aanslae uit die omgewing.

Hierdie AANPASSINGS is ’n strategie om te oorleef.

Elke organisme se HABITAT is sy plek waar hy lewe.

Elkeen is goed aangepas vir sy NIS – dit is soos sy plek en rol in sy omgewing.

Aktiwiteit: OM INLIGTING TE INTERPRETEER EN KENNIS TOE TE PAS

Bestudeer die volgende met OORLEWINGSTRATEGIE Ë soos getoon deur bekende tuinplante en diere. Verduidelik die doel van elke aanpassing.

Die sitrus swaelstert-skoenlapper se monddele suig die nektar op. Die skoenlapper het sterk Gewone Padda Rana temporia

vlerke.

Die harige ruspe word ’n mooi maar giftige skoenlapper. Die stekelrige hare op die ruspe beskerm dit.

Die roosboom het dorings en harde blare met skerp, kort punte. Ruspes eet van die blaarrande af.

Die verkleurmannetjie het groot oë wat afsonderlik van mekaar kan beweeg. Hy het vier tone – twee vorentoe en twee agtertoe.

Hy het ’n lang, krulstert met ’n sterk greep.

Dan kan hy natuurlik ook sy kleur verander.

Die sade van die sydis-sel vorm ’n sambreel-agtige pluimpie wat ver deur die wind versprei kan word.

Bestudeer die volgende sketse en voltooi die vraag by elkeen.

Die suikerbekkie

Watter twee aanpassings sien jy?

Die janfiskaal

Hoe is die voël aangepas?

Die hottentotsgot

Hoe is die hottentotsgot aangepas?

Assessering vir AANPASSINGS:

Kon jy die korrekte afleidings tov die aanpassings maak deur informasie in kategorieë te plaas en dit te interpreteer?

[LU 2.3; 2.4]

Assessering

LU 1

Wetenskaplike Ondersoek

Die leerder is in staat om met selfvertroue op weetgierigheid oor natuurlike verskynsels te reageer, en om binne die konteks van wetenskap, tegnologie en die omgewing verbande te ondersoek en probleme op te los.

Dit is bewys as die leerder:

1.1 ondersoeke kan beplan;

1.2 ondersoeke kan uitvoer en data kan insamel;

1.3 data kan evalueer en bevindinge kan kommunikeer.

LU 2

Wetenskaplike Kennis

Die leerder ken, interpreteer en pas wetenskaplike, tegnologiese en omgewingskennis toe.

Dit is bewys as die leerder:

2.1 sinvolle inligting kan onthou;

2.2 inligting in kategorieë kan plaas;

2.3 inligting kan interpreteer;

2.4 kennis kan toepas.

Memorandum

Oorlewing - habitat

Aktiwiteit: HABITAT-BESPREKING

  • Vra leerders om in pare hierdie bespreking te doen

Plakkaat: GROEPWERK 4-5 LEERDERS

  • Gee opdrag vooruit sodat beplanning en materiale versamel kan word

Aktiwiteit: OORLEWINGSTRATEGIEË

  • Knip-en-plak-aktiwiteit

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Source:  OpenStax, Natuurwetenskappe graad 8. OpenStax CNX. Sep 12, 2009 Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11049/1.1
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