In die breë gesien, word energie in Suid-Afrika ondoeltreffend en onvolhoubaar verbruik. Die land se geraamde bydrae van twee persent tot die wêreld se koolstofdioksiedproduksie dra buite verhouding hoog by tot die kweekhuis-effek en mensgemaakte klimaatsveranderinge. Volgens die VN is Suid-Afrika per capita die wêreld se hoogste vrysteller van koolstofdioksied. Die land se algemene energiebeleid moenie gerig wees op die opwekking en verkoop van meer krag nie, omdat dit tot meer besoedeling sal lei. Die aanvraag na elektrisiteit moet eerder beter beheer word om uiteindelik die totale verbruik te verminder.
Meer as ‘n driekwart van Suid-Afrika se energie word van steenkool verkry, met die gevolg dat die land se afhanklikheid van hierdie nie-hernubare hulpbron van die hoogste in die wêreld is. Suid-Afrika beskik egter oor enorme steenkoolreserwes van oor die 58 000 miljoen ton. Ongeveer die helfte van die steenkool wat plaaslik ontgin word word gebruik vir kragopwekking. ‘n Kwart word gebruik om vloeibare sintetiese brandstowwe deur middel van die Sasolproses te vervaardig, terwyl die ander kwart direk deur nywerhede of in huise verbrand word om hitte te verskaf.
Al die groot steenkool-kragstasies is binne ‘n radius van 150 km van die grootste steenkolmyne in die Oos-Transvaalse Hoëveld geleë. Dit lei tot lugbesoedeling wat volgens sekere wetenskaplikes gelyk is aan die ergste in die wêreld.
Lugbesoedeling hou uiters nadelige gevolge vir die omgewing in, veral aangesien ‘n aansienlike deel van Suid-Afrika se vrugbare landbougrond en kommersiële, plantasies, sowel as sowat 25 persent van sy oppervlak-afloopwater, binne hierdie streek val. Direkte steenkoolverbranding deur nywerhede en swart dorpsgebiede wat nie elektrisiteit het nie, veroorsaak ook aansienlike lugbesoedeling, wat op sy beurt weer bydra tot omgewings- en gesondheidsprobleme.
Aktiwiteit 1:
Om konsepte te verklaar wat verband hou met energie
[lu 1.1]
1. Identifiseer die drie natuurlike hulpbronne wat volgens die teks nie-volhoubaar gebruik word en omskryf hul betekenisse:
2. Hoekom is dit so dat die helfte van die bevolking van SA van brandhout as ‘n energiebron afhanklik is?
3. Verduidelik die volgende:
Sintetiese brandstof
Kweekhuiseffek
Volhoubaarheid
Mensgemaakte klimaatsveranderinge
‘n Groot omgewingsprobleem is die feit dat nagenoeg die helfte van Suid-Afrika se bevolking tans aangewese is op die nie-volhoubare verbruik van brandhout as energiebron. As die huidige verbruik voortduur, kan alle natuurlike bosse in die voormalige tuislande teen die jaar 2020 gestroop wees.
Hoewel kernkrag as ‘n potensiële kragbron steun geniet, is elektrisiteit wat by die Koeberg-kragsentrale opgewek word duurder as dié in die nasionale netwerk.
Daar is ook nog groot, onopgeloste omgewingsprobleme wat betref die berging van gevaarlike kernafval.
Aktiwiteit 2:
Om maniere te vind om hulpbronverbruik te verminder
[lu 3.3]
1. Bespreek die volgende stelling:
Questions & Answers
differentiate between demand and supply
giving examples
In economics, a perfect market refers to a theoretical construct where all participants have perfect information, goods are homogenous, there are no barriers to entry or exit, and prices are determined solely by supply and demand. It's an idealized model used for analysis,
When MP₁ becomes negative, TP start to decline.
Extuples Suppose that the short-run production function of certain cut-flower firm is given by: Q=4KL-0.6K2 - 0.112 •
Where is quantity of cut flower produced, I is labour input and K is fixed capital input (K-5). Determine the average product of lab
Kelo
Extuples Suppose that the short-run production function of certain cut-flower firm is given by: Q=4KL-0.6K2 - 0.112 •
Where is quantity of cut flower produced, I is labour input and K is fixed capital input (K-5). Determine the average product of labour (APL) and marginal product of labour (MPL)
Quantity demanded refers to the specific amount of a good or service that consumers are willing and able to purchase at a give price and within a specific time period. Demand, on the other hand, is a broader concept that encompasses the entire relationship between price and quantity demanded
Ezea
ok
Shukri
how do you save a country economic situation when it's falling apart
Economic growth as an increase in the production and consumption of goods and services within an economy.but
Economic development as a broader concept that encompasses not only economic growth but also social & human well being.
Shukri
production function means
Jabir
What do you think is more important to focus on when considering inequality ?
sir...I just want to ask one question... Define the term contract curve? if you are free please help me to find this answer 🙏
Asui
it is a curve that we get after connecting the pareto optimal combinations of two consumers after their mutually beneficial trade offs
Awais
thank you so much 👍 sir
Asui
In economics, the contract curve refers to the set of points in an Edgeworth box diagram where both parties involved in a trade cannot be made better off without making one of them worse off. It represents the Pareto efficient allocations of goods between two individuals or entities, where neither p
Cornelius
In economics, the contract curve refers to the set of points in an Edgeworth box diagram where both parties involved in a trade cannot be made better off without making one of them worse off. It represents the Pareto efficient allocations of goods between two individuals or entities,
Cornelius
Suppose a consumer consuming two commodities X and Y has
The following utility function u=X0.4 Y0.6. If the price of the X and Y are 2 and 3 respectively and income Constraint is birr 50.
A,Calculate quantities of x and y which maximize utility.
B,Calculate value of Lagrange multiplier.
C,Calculate quantities of X and Y consumed with a given price.
D,alculate optimum level of output .
the market for lemon has 10 potential consumers, each having an individual demand curve p=101-10Qi, where p is price in dollar's per cup and Qi is the number of cups demanded per week by the i th consumer.Find the market demand curve using algebra. Draw an individual demand curve and the market dema
suppose the production function is given by ( L, K)=L¼K¾.assuming capital is fixed find APL and MPL. consider the following short run production function:Q=6L²-0.4L³ a) find the value of L that maximizes output b)find the value of L that maximizes marginal product