Lecture notes

OpenStax

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Introduction to computers and programming

1 Hardware and software

2 Computer hardware

6 Arithmetic and logic unit (alu)

7 Central processing unit (cpu)

8 Secondary storage

9 Computer software

10 Machine and assembly languages

11 High-level programming languages

12 Application and system software

13 High-level programming languages

14 What is syntax?

15 The c programming language

16 The c++ programming language

17 Structured programming and object oriented programming

18 Problem solution and software development

19 Phase i: development and design

20 1. analyze the problem

21 2. develop a solution

22 3. code the solution

23 4. test and correct the program

24 Phase ii: documentation

25 Phase iii: maintenance

27 Flowchart symbols

28 Algorithms in pseudo-code

29 Loops in algorithms

30 Flowchart versus pseudocode

Basic elements in c++

1 Program structures

2 Modular programs

3 The main() function

4 The cout object

5 Preprocessor directives

7 Data types and operators

9 Escape sequence

10 Arithmetic operators

11 Integer division

12 Operator precedence and associativity

13 Expression types

14 Variables and declaration statements

15 Declaration statements

16 Display a variable’s address

17 Integer quantifiers

18 Data type conversions

19 Determining storage size

20 Focus on problem solving

21 Step 1: analyze the problem

22 Step 2: develop a solution

23 Step 3: code the solution

24 Step 4: test and correct the program

Completing the basics

1 Assignment operators

2 Data type conversion across assignment operator

3 Assignment variations

4 Increment and decrement operators

5 Formatting number for program output

6 Stream manipulators

7 Using mathematical library functions

9 Program input using the cin object

10 Standard input stream

11 Symbolic constants

12 Focus on problem solving

13 Step 1: analyze the problem

14 Step 2: develop a solution

15 Step 3: code the algorithm

16 Step 4: test and correct the program

Selection statements

1 Selection criteria

2 Relational operators

3 Logical operators

4 The bool data type

5 The if-else statement

8 One-way selection

10 Nested if statement

11 The if-else chain

13 The switch statement

14 The enum specifier

16 Focus on problem solving

17 Step 1: analyze the problem

18 Step 2: develop a solution

19 Step 3 : code the algorithm

20 Step 4: test and correct the program

Repetition statements, arrays and structured programming

1 Basic loop structures

5 Interactive while loops

8 Break statement

9 Continue statements

10 The null statement

13 Nested loops

15 Do-while loops

16 Structured programming with c++

17 The goto statement

18 Structured programming

21 Array declaration

24 Multi-dimensional arrays

26 Strings and string built-in functions

30 Arrays of structures

Functions and pointers

1 Function and parameter declarations

2 Defining a function

3 How to call functions

4 Function prototypes

6 Passing by value

7 Functions with empty parameter lists

8 Returning values

9 Inline functions

11 Function overloading

12 Default arguments

13 Variable scope

15 Scope resolution operator

18 Variable storage class

19 Local variable storage classes

20 Automatic variables

22 Register variables

23 Global variable storage classes

24 Pass by reference using reference parameters

26 How the computation is performed

27 Recursion vs. iteration

28 Passing arrays to functions

30 Calling functions by reference with pointer arguments

31 Pointers and arrays

32 Pointers and strings

33 Passing structures as parameters

34 The typedef declaration statement

Introduction to classes

2 Information hiding

3 Access specifiers

4 Interface and implementation files

5 Preventing multiple inclusion

6 Member functions

7 Inline functions

8 Member functions in implementation file

9 Access functions

10 Constructor functions

11 Structures vesus classes

12 Dynamic memory allocation with operators new and delete

13 Stack versus heap

14 Pointers as class members

15 Focus on problem solving

16 Analyze the problem

17 Develop a solution

18 Coding the solution

19 Test and correct the program

20 Design techniques of object-oriented programs

Object manipulation - inheritance

1 Advanced constructors

2 Parameterized constructors

3 Initialization lists

4 Parameterized constructors that uses default arguments

6 Constant objects

7 Constant functions

9 Basic inheritance

10 Base classes and derived classes

11 Class hierarchy

12 Access specifiers and inheritance

13 Overriding base class member functions

14 Constructors and destructors in derived classes

Source: OpenStax, Programming fundamentals in c++. OpenStax CNX. Jul 29, 2009 Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col10788/1.1

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