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Blood pressure

This photo shows a nurse taking a woman’s blood pressure with a blood pressure cuff. The nurse is pumping the cuff with her right hand and holding a stethoscope on the patient’s arm with her left hand.
A proficiency in anatomy and physiology is fundamental to any career in the health professions. (credit: Bryan Mason/flickr)

Chapter objectives

After studying this chapter, you will be able to:

  • Distinguish between anatomy and physiology, and identify several branches of each
  • Describe the structure of the body, from simplest to most complex, in terms of the six levels of organization
  • Identify the functional characteristics of human life
  • Identify the four requirements for human survival
  • Define homeostasis and explain its importance to normal human functioning
  • Use appropriate anatomical terminology to identify key body structures, body regions, and directions in the body
  • Compare and contrast at least four medical imagining techniques in terms of their function and use in medicine

Though you may approach a course in anatomy and physiology strictly as a requirement for your field of study, the knowledge you gain in this course will serve you well in many aspects of your life. An understanding of anatomy and physiology is not only fundamental to any career in the health professions, but it can also benefit your own health. Familiarity with the human body can help you make healthful choices and prompt you to take appropriate action when signs of illness arise. Your knowledge in this field will help you understand news about nutrition, medications, medical devices, and procedures and help you understand genetic or infectious diseases. At some point, everyone will have a problem with some aspect of his or her body and your knowledge can help you to be a better parent, spouse, partner, friend, colleague, or caregiver.

This chapter begins with an overview of anatomy and physiology and a preview of the body regions and functions. It then covers the characteristics of life and how the body works to maintain stable conditions. It introduces a set of standard terms for body structures and for planes and positions in the body that will serve as a foundation for more comprehensive information covered later in the text. It ends with examples of medical imaging used to see inside the living body.

Quiz PDF eBook: 
Anatomy and Physiology 1
Download Anatomy & Physiology Quiz PDF eBook
75 Pages
2015
English US
Educational Materials



Sample Questions from the Anatomy and Physiology 1 Quiz

Question: What are the basic tenets of cell theory?

Choices:

The cell is the simplest structural and functional unit of life.

All organisms are composed of cells and cell products.

An organism's structure and functions are due to the activities of its cells.

Cells come only from the reproduction of existing cells.

Cells of all species have many fundamental similarities.

Question: What percentage of molecules in the plasma membrane are lipids?

Choices:

89%

93%

98%

75%

Question: What percentage of Phospholipids make up the plasma membrane?

Choices:

75%

20%

5%

Question: Which protein has some channels that are always open and some that open and close in response to stimuli?

Choices:

Transmembrane

Peripheral

Question: What percentage of Cholesterol makes up the plasma membrane?

Choices:

75%

20%

5%

Question: Which protein passes completely through the membrane, is composed mostly of glycoproteins, and is very important in nerve signal and muscle concentration?

Choices:

Peripheral

Transmembrane

Transmembrane

Question: Which protein adheres to the membrane surface and is anchored to the cytoskeleton?

Choices:

Transmembrane

Peripheral

Question: Single, non-motile cilium found on nearly every cell. Hair-like process.

Choices:

Flagella

Cilia

Motile Cilia

Microvilli

Sensory Cilia

Question: What percentage of Glycopolids make up the plasma membrane?

Choices:

75%

20%

5%

Question: The Glycolax

Choices:

Enables the immune system to recognize and attack invaders, forms the basis of compatibility for tissue or organ transplants, and binds cells together so tissues do not fall apart.

Found in the respiratory tract, brain ventricles, and reproductive system.

Found in inner ear, retina, and nasal cavity.

Allows for the secretion and/or replacement of plasma membrane

Transports substances across a cell.

Question: Extensions of plasma membrane. Increase surface area for absorption on some cell types. Some contain a protein called actin which assists in transporting absorbed substances.

Choices:

Flagella

Cilia

Motile Cilia

Microvilli

Sensory Cilia

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Disclaimer:  This course does NOT provide the education or experience needed for the diagnosing or treating any medical condition, all site contents are provided as general information only and should not be taken as medical advice.
Prateek Ashtikar
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David Bourgeois
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