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Simplify: 3 x 5 + 3 x 5 3 9 3 9 3 .

2 3 x 5 2 9 3

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Simplify: 10 y 4 + 10 y 4 5 32 6 3 32 6 .

2 10 y 4 2 32 6

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When an expression does not appear to have like radicals, we will simplify each radical first. Sometimes this leads to an expression with like radicals.

Simplify: 54 3 16 3 48 4 + 243 4 .

Solution


  1. 54 3 16 3 Rewrite each radicand using perfect cube factors. 27 3 · 2 3 8 3 · 2 3 Rewrite the perfect cubes. ( 3 ) 3 3 2 3 ( 2 ) 3 3 2 3 Simplify the radicals where possible. 3 2 3 2 2 3 Combine like radicals. 2 3


  2. 48 4 + 243 4 Rewrite using perfect fourth power factors. 16 4 · 3 4 + 81 4 · 3 4 Rewrite the perfect fourth powers. ( 2 ) 4 4 3 4 + ( 3 ) 4 4 3 4 Simplify the radicals where possible. 2 3 4 + 3 3 4 Combine like radicals. 5 3 4
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Simplify: 192 3 81 3 32 4 + 512 4 .

3 3 6 2 4

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Simplify: 108 3 250 3 64 5 + 486 5 .

2 3 5 2 5

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Simplify: 24 x 4 3 −81 x 7 3 162 y 9 4 + 516 y 5 4 .

Solution


  1. 24 x 4 3 −81 x 7 3 Rewrite each radicand using perfect cube factors. 8 x 3 3 · 3 x 3 −27 x 6 3 · 3 x 3 Rewrite the perfect cubes. ( 2 x ) 3 3 3 x 3 ( −3 x 2 ) 3 3 3 x 3 Simplify the radicals where possible. 2 x 3 x 3 ( −3 x 2 3 x 3 )


  2. 162 y 9 4 + 516 y 5 4 Rewrite each radicand using perfect fourth power factors. 81 y 8 4 · 2 y 4 + 256 y 4 4 · 2 y 4 Rewrite the perfect fourth powers. ( 3 y 2 ) 4 4 · 2 y 4 + ( 4 y ) 4 4 · 2 y 4 Simplify the radicals where possible. 3 y 2 2 y 4 + 4 | y | 2 y 4
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Simplify: 32 y 5 3 −108 y 8 3 243 r 11 4 + 768 r 10 4 .

2 y 4 y 2 3 + 3 y 2 4 y 2 3 3 r 2 3 r 3 4 + 4 r 2 3 r 2 4

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Simplify: 40 z 7 3 −135 z 4 3 80 s 13 4 + 1280 s 6 4 .

2 z 2 5 z 3 + 3 z 5 z 3 2 | s 3 | 5 s 4 + 4 | s | 5 s 4

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Access these online resources for additional instruction and practice with simplifying higher roots.

Key concepts

  • Properties of
  • a n when n is an even number and
    • a 0 , then a n is a real number
    • a < 0 , then a n is not a real number
    • When n is an odd number, a n is a real number for all values of a .
    • For any integer n 2 , when n is odd a n n = a
    • For any integer n 2 , when n is even a n n = | a |
  • a n is considered simplified if a has no factors of m n .
  • Product Property of n th Roots
    a b n = a n · b n and a n · b n = a b n
  • Quotient Property of n th Roots
    a b n = a n b n and a n b n = a b n
  • To combine like radicals, simply add or subtract the coefficients while keeping the radical the same.

Practice makes perfect

Simplify Expressions with Higher Roots

In the following exercises, simplify.


216 3
256 4
32 5

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27 3
16 4
243 5

3 2 3

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512 3
81 4
1 5

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125 3
1296 4
1024 5

5 6 4

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−8 3
−81 4
−32 5

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−64 3
−16 4
−243 5

−4 not real −3

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−125 3
−1296 4
−1024 5

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−512 3
−81 4
−1 5

−8 not a real number −1

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a 3 3
.

a | b |

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k 8 8
p 6 6

| k | | p |

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a 10 5
b 27 3

a 2 b 9

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r 12 6
s 30 3

r 2 s 10

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16 x 8 4
64 y 12 6

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−8 c 9 3
125 d 15 3

−2 c 3 5 d 5

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216 a 6 3
32 b 20 5

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128 r 14 7
81 s 24 4

2 r 2 3 s 6

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Use the Product Property to Simplify Expressions with Higher Roots

In the following exercises, simplify.

u 7 5 v 11 6

u u 2 5 v v 5 6

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p 8 5 q 8 3

p p 3 5 q 2 q 2 3

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625 3 128 6

5 5 3 2 2 6

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3125 4 81 3

5 5 4 3 3 3

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108 x 5 3 48 y 6 4

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96 a 7 5 375 b 4 3

2 a 3 a 2 5 5 b 3 b 3

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405 m 10 4 160 n 8 5

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512 p 5 3 324 q 7 4

8 p p 2 3 3 q 4 q 3 4

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−864 3 −256 4

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−486 5 −64 6

−3 2 5 not real

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−8 3 −16 4

−2 not real

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Use the Quotient Property to Simplify Expressions with Higher Roots

In the following exercises, simplify.

p 11 p 2 3 q 17 q 13 4

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d 12 d 7 5 m 12 m 4 8

d | m |

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u 21 u 11 5 v 30 v 12 6

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r 14 r 5 3 c 21 c 9 4

r 2 | c 3 |

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64 4 2 4 128 x 8 5 2 x 2 5

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−625 3 5 3 80 m 7 4 5 m 4

−5 4 m m 2 4

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1050 2 3 486 y 9 2 y 3 4

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162 6 3 160 r 10 5 r 3 4

3 6 3 2 | r | 2 r 3 4

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54 a 8 b 3 3 64 c 5 d 2 4

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96 r 11 s 3 5 128 u 7 v 3 6

2 r 2 3 r 5 s 3 2 u 3 2 u v 3 6 v

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81 s 8 t 3 3 64 p 15 q 12 4

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625 u 10 v 3 3 729 c 21 d 8 4

5 u 3 5 u 3 v 3 c 5 9 c 4 d 2

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Add and Subtract Higher Roots

In the following exercises, simplify.


8 p 7 + 8 p 7
3 25 3 25 3

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15 q 3 + 15 q 3
2 27 4 6 27 4

2 15 q 3 −4 27 4

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3 9 x 5 + 7 9 x 5
8 3 q 7 2 3 q 7

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81 3 192 3
512 4 32 4

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250 3 54 3
243 4 1875 4

5 5 3 3 2 3 −2 3 4

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128 3 + 250 3
729 5 + 96 5

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243 4 + 1250 4
2000 3 + 54 3

3 3 4 + 5 2 4 13 2 3

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64 a 10 3 −216 a 12 3
486 u 7 4 + 768 u 3 4

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80 b 5 3 −270 b 3 3
160 v 10 4 1280 v 3 4

2 b 10 b 2 3 + 3 b 10 3 2 v 2 10 v 2 4 4 5 v 3 4

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Mixed Practice

In the following exercises, simplify.

128 x 8 5 2 x 2 5

2 x 2 x 5

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128 u 7 v 3 6

2 u 3 2 u v 3 6 v

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64 a 10 3 −216 a 12 3

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486 u 7 4 + 768 u 3 4

3 u 6 u 3 4 + 4 3 u 3 4

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Everyday math

Population growth The expression 10 · x n models the growth of a mold population after n generations. There were 10 spores at the start, and each had x offspring. So 10 · x n is the number of offspring at the fifth generation. At the fifth generation there were 10,240 offspring. Simplify the expression 10,240 10 5 to determine the number of offspring of each spore.

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Spread of a virus The expression 3 · x n models the spread of a virus after n cycles. There were three people originally infected with the virus, and each of them infected x people. So 3 · x 4 is the number of people infected on the fourth cycle. At the fourth cycle 1875 people were infected. Simplify the expression 1875 3 4 to determine the number of people each person infected.

5

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Writing exercises

Explain how you know that x 10 5 = x 2 .

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Explain why −64 4 is not a real number but −64 3 is.

Answers may vary.

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Self check

After completing the exercises, use this checklist to evaluate your mastery of the objectives of this section.

This table has four columns and five rows. The first row labels each column: “I can…,” “Confidentaly,” “With some help,” and “No – I don’t get it!” The rows under the “I can…,” column read, “simplify expressions with hither roots.,” “use the product property to simplify expressions with higher roots.,” “use the quotient property to simplify expressions with higher roots.,” and “add and subtract higher roots.” The rest of the rows under the columns are empty.

What does this checklist tell you about your mastery of this section? What steps will you take to improve?

Questions & Answers

how did you get 1640
Noor Reply
If auger is pair are the roots of equation x2+5x-3=0
Peter Reply
Wayne and Dennis like to ride the bike path from Riverside Park to the beach. Dennis’s speed is seven miles per hour faster than Wayne’s speed, so it takes Wayne 2 hours to ride to the beach while it takes Dennis 1.5 hours for the ride. Find the speed of both bikers.
MATTHEW Reply
420
Sharon
from theory: distance [miles] = speed [mph] × time [hours] info #1 speed_Dennis × 1.5 = speed_Wayne × 2 => speed_Wayne = 0.75 × speed_Dennis (i) info #2 speed_Dennis = speed_Wayne + 7 [mph] (ii) use (i) in (ii) => [...] speed_Dennis = 28 mph speed_Wayne = 21 mph
George
Let W be Wayne's speed in miles per hour and D be Dennis's speed in miles per hour. We know that W + 7 = D and W * 2 = D * 1.5. Substituting the first equation into the second: W * 2 = (W + 7) * 1.5 W * 2 = W * 1.5 + 7 * 1.5 0.5 * W = 7 * 1.5 W = 7 * 3 or 21 W is 21 D = W + 7 D = 21 + 7 D = 28
Salma
Devon is 32 32​​ years older than his son, Milan. The sum of both their ages is 54 54​. Using the variables d d​ and m m​ to represent the ages of Devon and Milan, respectively, write a system of equations to describe this situation. Enter the equations below, separated by a comma.
Aaron Reply
find product (-6m+6) ( 3m²+4m-3)
SIMRAN Reply
-42m²+60m-18
Salma
what is the solution
bill
how did you arrive at this answer?
bill
-24m+3+3mÁ^2
Susan
i really want to learn
Amira
I only got 42 the rest i don't know how to solve it. Please i need help from anyone to help me improve my solving mathematics please
Amira
Hw did u arrive to this answer.
Aphelele
hi
Bajemah
-6m(3mA²+4m-3)+6(3mA²+4m-3) =-18m²A²-24m²+18m+18mA²+24m-18 Rearrange like items -18m²A²-24m²+42m+18A²-18
Salma
complete the table of valuesfor each given equatio then graph. 1.x+2y=3
Jovelyn Reply
x=3-2y
Salma
y=x+3/2
Salma
Hi
Enock
given that (7x-5):(2+4x)=8:7find the value of x
Nandala
3x-12y=18
Kelvin
please why isn't that the 0is in ten thousand place
Grace Reply
please why is it that the 0is in the place of ten thousand
Grace
Send the example to me here and let me see
Stephen
A meditation garden is in the shape of a right triangle, with one leg 7 feet. The length of the hypotenuse is one more than the length of one of the other legs. Find the lengths of the hypotenuse and the other leg
Marry Reply
how far
Abubakar
cool u
Enock
state in which quadrant or on which axis each of the following angles given measure. in standard position would lie 89°
Abegail Reply
hello
BenJay
hi
Method
I am eliacin, I need your help in maths
Rood
how can I help
Sir
hmm can we speak here?
Amoon
however, may I ask you some questions about Algarba?
Amoon
hi
Enock
what the last part of the problem mean?
Roger
The Jones family took a 15 mile canoe ride down the Indian River in three hours. After lunch, the return trip back up the river took five hours. Find the rate, in mph, of the canoe in still water and the rate of the current.
cameron Reply
Shakir works at a computer store. His weekly pay will be either a fixed amount, $925, or $500 plus 12% of his total sales. How much should his total sales be for his variable pay option to exceed the fixed amount of $925.
mahnoor Reply
I'm guessing, but it's somewhere around $4335.00 I think
Lewis
12% of sales will need to exceed 925 - 500, or 425 to exceed fixed amount option. What amount of sales does that equal? 425 ÷ (12÷100) = 3541.67. So the answer is sales greater than 3541.67. Check: Sales = 3542 Commission 12%=425.04 Pay = 500 + 425.04 = 925.04. 925.04 > 925.00
Munster
difference between rational and irrational numbers
Arundhati Reply
When traveling to Great Britain, Bethany exchanged $602 US dollars into £515 British pounds. How many pounds did she receive for each US dollar?
Jakoiya Reply
how to reduced echelon form
Solomon Reply
Jazmine trained for 3 hours on Saturday. She ran 8 miles and then biked 24 miles. Her biking speed is 4 mph faster than her running speed. What is her running speed?
Zack Reply
d=r×t the equation would be 8/r+24/r+4=3 worked out
Sheirtina
Practice Key Terms 4

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Source:  OpenStax, Elementary algebra. OpenStax CNX. Jan 18, 2017 Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col12116/1.2
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