4.5 Use the slope–intercept form of an equation of a line  (Page 8/12)

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Use slopes to determine if the lines $5x+4y=1$ and $4x+5y=3$ are perpendicular.

not perpendicular

Use slopes to determine if the lines $2x-9y=3$ and $9x-2y=1$ are perpendicular.

not perpendicular

Access this online resource for additional instruction and practice with graphs.

Key concepts

• The slope–intercept form of an equation of a line with slope $m$ and y -intercept, $\left(0,b\right)$ is, $y=mx+b$ .
• Graph a Line Using its Slope and y -Intercept
1. Find the slope-intercept form of the equation of the line.
2. Identify the slope and y -intercept.
3. Plot the y -intercept.
4. Use the slope formula $m=\frac{\text{rise}}{\text{run}}$ to identify the rise and the run.
5. Starting at the y -intercept, count out the rise and run to mark the second point.
6. Connect the points with a line.

• Strategy for Choosing the Most Convenient Method to Graph a Line: Consider the form of the equation.
• If it only has one variable, it is a vertical or horizontal line.
$x=a$ is a vertical line passing through the x -axis at $a$ .
$y=b$ is a horizontal line passing through the y -axis at $b$ .
• If $y$ is isolated on one side of the equation, in the form $y=mx+b$ , graph by using the slope and y -intercept.
Identify the slope and y -intercept and then graph.
• If the equation is of the form $Ax+By=C$ , find the intercepts.
Find the x - and y -intercepts, a third point, and then graph.
• Parallel lines are lines in the same plane that do not intersect.
• Parallel lines have the same slope and different y -intercepts.
• If m 1 and m 2 are the slopes of two parallel lines then ${m}_{1}={m}_{2}.$
• Parallel vertical lines have different x -intercepts.
• Perpendicular lines are lines in the same plane that form a right angle.
• If ${m}_{1}\phantom{\rule{0.2em}{0ex}}\text{and}\phantom{\rule{0.2em}{0ex}}{m}_{2}$ are the slopes of two perpendicular lines, then ${m}_{1}·{m}_{2}=-1$ and ${m}_{1}=\frac{-1}{{m}_{2}}$ .
• Vertical lines and horizontal lines are always perpendicular to each other.

Practice makes perfect

Recognize the Relation Between the Graph and the Slope–Intercept Form of an Equation of a Line

In the following exercises, use the graph to find the slope and y-intercept of each line. Compare the values to the equation $y=mx+b$ .

$y=3x-5$

$y=4x-2$

slope $m=4$ and y -intercept $\left(0,-2\right)$

$y=\text{−}x+4$

$y=-3x+1$

slope $m=-3$ and y -intercept $\left(0,1\right)$

$y=-\frac{4}{3}x+1$

$y=-\frac{2}{5}x+3$

slope $m=-\frac{2}{4}$ and y -intercept $\left(0,3\right)$

Identify the Slope and y-Intercept From an Equation of a Line

In the following exercises, identify the slope and y-intercept of each line.

$y=-7x+3$

$y=-9x+7$

$-9;\left(0,7\right)$

$y=6x-8$

$y=4x-10$

$4;\left(0,-10\right)$

$3x+y=5$

$4x+y=8$

$-4;\left(0,8\right)$

$6x+4y=12$

$8x+3y=12$

$-\frac{8}{3};\left(0,4\right)$

$5x-2y=6$

$7x-3y=9$

$\frac{7}{3};\left(0,-3\right)$

Graph a Line Using Its Slope and Intercept

In the following exercises, graph the line of each equation using its slope and y-intercept.

$y=x+3$

$y=x+4$

$y=3x-1$

$y=2x-3$

$y=\text{−}x+2$

$y=\text{−}x+3$

$y=\text{−}x-4$

$y=\text{−}x-2$

$y=-\frac{3}{4}-1$

$y=-\frac{2}{5}-3$

$y=-\frac{3}{5}+2$

$y=-\frac{2}{3}+1$

$3x-4y=8$

$4x-3y=6$

$y=0.1x+15$

$y=0.3x+25$

Choose the Most Convenient Method to Graph a Line

In the following exercises, determine the most convenient method to graph each line.

$x=2$

$y=4$

horizontal line

$y=5$

$x=-3$

vertical line

$y=-3x+4$

$y=-5x+2$

slope–intercept

$x-y=5$

$x-y=1$

intercepts

$y=\frac{2}{3}x-1$

$y=\frac{4}{5}x-3$

slope–intercept

$y=-3$

$y=-1$

horizontal line

$3x-2y=-12$

$2x-5y=-10$

intercepts

$y=-\frac{1}{4}+3$

$y=-\frac{1}{3}x+5$

slope–intercept

Graph and Interpret Applications of Slope–Intercept

Three-fourths of the people at a concert are children. If there are 87 children, what is the total number of people at the concert?
Erica earned a total of $50,450 last year from her two jobs. The amount she earned from her job at the store was$1,250 more than four times the amount she earned from her job at the college. How much did she earn from her job at the college?
Tsimmuaj
Erica earned a total of $50,450 last year from her two jobs. The amount she earned from her job at the store was$1,250 more than four times the amount she earned from her job at the college. How much did she earn from her job at the college?
Tsimmuaj
? Is there anything wrong with this passage I found the total sum for 2 jobs, but found why elaborate on extra If I total one week from the store *4 would = the month than the total is = x than x can't calculate 10 month of a year
candido
what would be wong
candido
87 divided by 3 then multiply that by 4. 116 people total.
Melissa
the actual number that has 3 out of 4 of a whole pie
candido
was having a hard time finding
Teddy
use Matrices for the 2nd question
Daniel
One number is 11 less than the other number. If their sum is increased by 8, the result is 71. Find the numbers.
26 + 37 = 63 + 8 = 71
gayla
Amara currently sells televisions for company A at a salary of $17,000 plus a$100 commission for each television she sells. Company B offers her a position with a salary of $29,000 plus a$20 commission for each television she sells. How televisions would Amara need to sell for the options to be equal?
yes math
Kenneth
company A 13 company b 5. A 17,000+13×100=29,100 B 29,000+5×20=29,100
gayla
DaMarcus and Fabian live 23 miles apart and play soccer at a park between their homes. DaMarcus rode his bike for 34 of an hour and Fabian rode his bike for 12 of an hour to get to the park. Fabian’s speed was 6 miles per hour faster than DaMarcus’s speed. Find the speed of both soccer players.
?
Ann
DaMarcus: 16 mi/hr Fabian: 22 mi/hr
Sherman
Joy is preparing 20 liters of a 25% saline solution. She has only a 40% solution and a 10% solution in her lab. How many liters of the 40% solution and how many liters of the 10% solution should she mix to make the 25% solution?
15 and 5
32 is 40% , & 8 is 10 % , & any 4 letters is 5%.
Karen
It felt that something is missing on the question like: 40% of what solution? 10% of what solution?
Jhea
its confusing
Sparcast
3% & 2% to complete the 25%
Sparcast
because she already has 20 liters.
Sparcast
ok I was a little confused I agree 15% & 5%
Sparcast
8,2
Karen
Jim and Debbie earned $7200. Debbie earned$1600 more than Jim earned. How much did they earned
5600
Gloria
1600
Gloria
Bebbie: 4,400 Jim: 2,800
Jhea
A river cruise boat sailed 80 miles down the Mississippi River for 4 hours. It took 5 hours to return. Find the rate of the cruise boat in still water and the rate of the current.
A veterinarian is enclosing a rectangular outdoor running area against his building for the dogs he cares for. He needs to maximize the area using 100 feet of fencing. The quadratic equation A=x(100−2x) gives the area, A , of the dog run for the length, x , of the building that will border the dog run. Find the length of the building that should border the dog run to give the maximum area, and then find the maximum area of the dog run.
ggfcc
Mike
Washing his dad’s car alone, eight year old Levi takes 2.5 hours. If his dad helps him, then it takes 1 hour. How long does it take the Levi’s dad to wash the car by himself?
1,75hrs
Mike
I'm going to guess. Divide Levi's time by 2. Then divide 1 hour by 2. 1.25 + 0.5 = 1.3?
John
Oops I mean 1.75
John
I'm guessing this because since I have divide 1 hour by 2, I have to do the same for the 2.5 hours it takes Levi by himself.
John
1,75 hrs is correct Mike
Emund
How did you come up with the answer?
John
Drew burned 1,800 calories Friday playing 1 hour of basketball and canoeing for 2 hours. On Saturday, he spent 2 hours playing basketball and 3 hours canoeing and burned 3,200 calories. How many calories did he burn per hour when playing basketball?
Brandon has a cup of quarters and dimes with a total value of $3.80. The number of quarters is four less than twice the number of dimes. How many quarters and how many dimes does Brandon have? Kendra Reply Tickets to a Broadway show cost$35 for adults and $15 for children. The total receipts for 1650 tickets at one performance were$47,150. How many adult and how many child tickets were sold?
825
Carol
Arnold invested $64,000, some at 5.5% interest and the rest at 9%. How much did he invest at each rate if he received$4,500 in interest in one year? How do I do this
how to square
easiest way to find the square root of a large number?
Jackie
the accompanying figure shows known flow rates of hydrocarbons into and out of a network of pipes at an oil refinery set up a linear system whose solution provides the unknown flow rates (b) solve the system for the unknown flow rates (c) find the flow rates and directions of flow if x4=50and x6=0