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Simplify: ( 7 n ) 2 ( 2 n 12 ) .

98 n 14

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Simplify: ( 4 m ) 2 ( 3 m 3 ) .

48 m 5

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Simplify: ( 3 p 2 q ) 4 ( 2 p q 2 ) 3 .

Solution

( 3 p 2 q ) 4 ( 2 p q 2 ) 3
Use the Power of a Product Property. 3 4 ( p 2 ) 4 q 4 · 2 3 p 3 ( q 2 ) 3
Use the Power Property. 81 p 8 q 4 · 8 p 3 q 6
Use the Commutative Property. 81 · 8 · p 8 · p 3 · q 4 · q 6
Multiply the constants and add the exponents for
each variable.
648 p 11 q 10
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Simplify: ( u 3 v 2 ) 5 ( 4 u v 4 ) 3 .

64 u 18 v 22

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Simplify: ( 5 x 2 y 3 ) 2 ( 3 x y 4 ) 3 .

675 x 7 y 18

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Multiply monomials

Since a monomial    is an algebraic expression, we can use the properties for simplifying expressions with exponents to multiply the monomials.

Multiply: ( 4 x 2 ) ( 5 x 3 ) .

Solution

( 4 x 2 ) ( 5 x 3 )
Use the Commutative Property to rearrange the factors. 4 · ( −5 ) · x 2 · x 3
Multiply. 20 x 5
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Multiply: ( 7 x 7 ) ( 8 x 4 ) .

−56 x 11

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Multiply: ( 9 y 4 ) ( 6 y 5 ) .

54 y 9

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Multiply: ( 3 4 c 3 d ) ( 12 c d 2 ) .

Solution

( 3 4 c 3 d ) ( 12 c d 2 )
Use the Commutative Property to rearrange
the factors.
3 4 · 12 · c 3 · c · d · d 2
Multiply. 9 c 4 d 3
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Multiply: ( 4 5 m 4 n 3 ) ( 15 m n 3 ) .

12 m 5 n 6

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Multiply: ( 2 3 p 5 q ) ( 18 p 6 q 7 ) .

12 p 11 q 8

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Access additional online resources

Key concepts

  • Exponential Notation On the left side, a raised to the m is shown. The m is labeled in blue as an exponent. The a is labeled in red as the base. On the right, it says a to the m means multiply m factors of a. Below this, it says a to the m equals a times a times a times a, with m factors written below in blue.

    This is read a to the m th power.

  • Product Property of Exponents
    • If a is a real number and m , n are counting numbers, then
      a m · a n = a m + n
    • To multiply with like bases, add the exponents.
  • Power Property for Exponents
    • If a is a real number and m , n are counting numbers, then
      ( a m ) n = a m n
  • Product to a Power Property for Exponents
    • If a and b are real numbers and m is a whole number, then
      ( a b ) m = a m b m

Practice makes perfect

Simplify Expressions with Exponents

In the following exercises, simplify each expression with exponents.

Simplify Expressions Using the Product Property of Exponents

In the following exercises, simplify each expression using the Product Property of Exponents.

Simplify Expressions Using the Power Property of Exponents

In the following exercises, simplify each expression using the Power Property of Exponents .

Simplify Expressions Using the Product to a Power Property

In the following exercises, simplify each expression using the Product to a Power Property.

( 6 m ) 3

−216 m 3

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( 4 x y z ) 4

256 x 4 y 4 z 4

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Simplify Expressions by Applying Several Properties

In the following exercises, simplify each expression.

( x 2 ) 4 · ( x 3 ) 2

x 14

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( a 2 ) 6 · ( a 3 ) 8

a 36

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( 3 x ) 2 ( 5 x )

45 x 3

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( 5 a ) 2 ( 2 a ) 3

200 a 5

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( 10 x 2 y ) 3

1,000 x 6 y 3

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( −2 a 3 b 2 ) 4

16 a 12 b 8

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( 2 3 x 2 y ) 3

8 27 x 6 y 3

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( 8 a 3 ) 2 ( 2 a ) 4

1,024 a 10

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( 10 p 4 ) 3 ( 5 p 6 ) 2

25,000 p 24

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( 1 2 x 2 y 3 ) 4 ( 4 x 5 y 3 ) 2

x 18 y 18

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( 1 3 m 3 n 2 ) 4 ( 9 m 8 n 3 ) 2

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( 3 m 2 n ) 2 ( 2 m n 5 ) 4

144 m 8 n 22

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( 2 p q 4 ) 3 ( 5 p 6 q ) 2

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Multiply Monomials

In the following exercises, multiply the following monomials.

( 12 x 2 ) ( −5 x 4 )

−60 x 6

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( −8 u 6 ) ( −9 u )

72 u 7

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( −6 c 4 ) ( −12 c )

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( 1 5 r 8 ) ( 20 r 3 )

4 r 11

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( 4 a 3 b ) ( 9 a 2 b 6 )

36 a 5 b 7

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( 6 m 4 n 3 ) ( 7 m n 5 )

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( 4 7 x y 2 ) ( 14 x y 3 )

8 x 2 y 5

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( 5 8 u 3 v ) ( 24 u 5 v )

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( 2 3 x 2 y ) ( 3 4 x y 2 )

1 2 x 3 y 3

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( 3 5 m 3 n 2 ) ( 5 9 m 2 n 3 )

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Everyday math

Email Janet emails a joke to six of her friends and tells them to forward it to six of their friends, who forward it to six of their friends, and so on. The number of people who receive the email on the second round is 6 2 , on the third round is 6 3 , as shown in the table. How many people will receive the email on the eighth round? Simplify the expression to show the number of people who receive the email.

Round Number of people
1 6
2 6 2
3 6 3
8 ?

1,679,616

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Salary Raul’s boss gives him a 5% raise every year on his birthday. This means that each year, Raul’s salary is 1.05 times his last year’s salary. If his original salary was $40,000 , his salary after 1 year was $40,000 ( 1.05 ) , after 2 years was $40,000 ( 1.05 ) 2 , after 3 years was $40,000 ( 1.05 ) 3 , as shown in the table below. What will Raul’s salary be after 10 years? Simplify the expression, to show Raul’s salary in dollars.

Year Salary
1 $40,000 ( 1.05 )
2 $40,000 ( 1.05 ) 2
3 $40,000 ( 1.05 ) 3
10 ?
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Writing exercises

Use the Product Property for Exponents to explain why x · x = x 2 .

Answers will vary.

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Explain why −5 3 = ( −5 ) 3 but −5 4 ( −5 ) 4 .

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Jorge thinks ( 1 2 ) 2 is 1 . What is wrong with his reasoning?

Answers will vary.

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Explain why x 3 · x 5 is x 8 , and not x 15 .

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Self check

After completing the exercises, use this checklist to evaluate your mastery of the objectives of this section.

.

After reviewing this checklist, what will you do to become confident for all objectives?

Questions & Answers

how does Neisseria cause meningitis
Nyibol Reply
what is microbiologist
Muhammad Reply
what is errata
Muhammad
is the branch of biology that deals with the study of microorganisms.
Ntefuni Reply
What is microbiology
Mercy Reply
studies of microbes
Louisiaste
when we takee the specimen which lumbar,spin,
Ziyad Reply
How bacteria create energy to survive?
Muhamad Reply
Bacteria doesn't produce energy they are dependent upon their substrate in case of lack of nutrients they are able to make spores which helps them to sustain in harsh environments
_Adnan
But not all bacteria make spores, l mean Eukaryotic cells have Mitochondria which acts as powerhouse for them, since bacteria don't have it, what is the substitution for it?
Muhamad
they make spores
Louisiaste
what is sporadic nd endemic, epidemic
Aminu Reply
the significance of food webs for disease transmission
Abreham
food webs brings about an infection as an individual depends on number of diseased foods or carriers dully.
Mark
explain assimilatory nitrate reduction
Esinniobiwa Reply
Assimilatory nitrate reduction is a process that occurs in some microorganisms, such as bacteria and archaea, in which nitrate (NO3-) is reduced to nitrite (NO2-), and then further reduced to ammonia (NH3).
Elkana
This process is called assimilatory nitrate reduction because the nitrogen that is produced is incorporated in the cells of microorganisms where it can be used in the synthesis of amino acids and other nitrogen products
Elkana
Examples of thermophilic organisms
Shu Reply
Give Examples of thermophilic organisms
Shu
advantages of normal Flora to the host
Micheal Reply
Prevent foreign microbes to the host
Abubakar
they provide healthier benefits to their hosts
ayesha
They are friends to host only when Host immune system is strong and become enemies when the host immune system is weakened . very bad relationship!
Mark
what is cell
faisal Reply
cell is the smallest unit of life
Fauziya
cell is the smallest unit of life
Akanni
ok
Innocent
cell is the structural and functional unit of life
Hasan
is the fundamental units of Life
Musa
what are emergency diseases
Micheal Reply
There are nothing like emergency disease but there are some common medical emergency which can occur simultaneously like Bleeding,heart attack,Breathing difficulties,severe pain heart stock.Hope you will get my point .Have a nice day ❣️
_Adnan
define infection ,prevention and control
Innocent
I think infection prevention and control is the avoidance of all things we do that gives out break of infections and promotion of health practices that promote life
Lubega
Heyy Lubega hussein where are u from?
_Adnan
en français
Adama
which site have a normal flora
ESTHER Reply
Many sites of the body have it Skin Nasal cavity Oral cavity Gastro intestinal tract
Safaa
skin
Asiina
skin,Oral,Nasal,GIt
Sadik
How can Commensal can Bacteria change into pathogen?
Sadik
How can Commensal Bacteria change into pathogen?
Sadik
all
Tesfaye
by fussion
Asiina
what are the advantages of normal Flora to the host
Micheal
what are the ways of control and prevention of nosocomial infection in the hospital
Micheal
what is inflammation
Shelly Reply
part of a tissue or an organ being wounded or bruised.
Wilfred
what term is used to name and classify microorganisms?
Micheal Reply
Binomial nomenclature
adeolu
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Source:  OpenStax, Prealgebra. OpenStax CNX. Jul 15, 2016 Download for free at http://legacy.cnx.org/content/col11756/1.9
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