# 10.5 Graphing quadratic equations  (Page 5/15)

 Page 5 / 15

Finding the y -intercept by substituting $x=0$ into the equation is easy, isn’t it? But we needed to use the Quadratic Formula to find the x -intercepts in [link] . We will use the Quadratic Formula again in the next example.

Graph $y=2{x}^{2}-4x-3$ .

## Solution

 The equation y has one side. Since a is 2, the parabola opens upward. To find the axis of symmetry, find $x=-\frac{b}{2a}$ . The axis of symmetry is $x=1$ . The vertex on the line $x=1.$ Find y when $x=1$ . The vertex is $\left(1,\text{−}5\right)$ . The y -intercept occurs when $x=0.$ Substitute $x=0.$ Simplify. The y- intercept is $\left(0,-3\right)$ . The point $\left(0,-3\right)$ is one unit to the left of the line of symmetry. The point one unit to the right of the line of symmetry is $\left(2,-3\right)$ Point symmetric to the y- intercept is $\left(2,-3\right).$ The x -intercept occurs when $y=0$ . Substitute $y=0$ . Use the Quadratic Formula. Substitute in the values of a, b, c. Simplify. Simplify inside the radical. Simplify the radical. Factor the GCF. Remove common factors. Write as two equations. Approximate the values. The approximate values of the x- intercepts are $\left(2.5,0\right)$ and $\left(-0.6,0\right)$ . Graph the parabola using the points found.

Graph the parabola $y=5{x}^{2}+10x+3.$

$y\text{:}\phantom{\rule{0.2em}{0ex}}\left(0,3\right);\phantom{\rule{0.2em}{0ex}}x\text{:}\phantom{\rule{0.2em}{0ex}}\left(-1.6,0\right),\left(-0.4,0\right);$
axis: $x=-1;\phantom{\rule{0.2em}{0ex}}\text{vertex:}\phantom{\rule{0.2em}{0ex}}\left(-1,-2\right)$ ;

Graph the parabola $y=-3{x}^{2}-6x+5.$

$y\text{:}\phantom{\rule{0.2em}{0ex}}\left(0,5\right);\phantom{\rule{0.2em}{0ex}}x\text{:}\phantom{\rule{0.2em}{0ex}}\left(0.6,0\right),\left(-2.6,0\right);$
axis: $x=-1;\phantom{\rule{0.2em}{0ex}}\text{vertex:}\phantom{\rule{0.2em}{0ex}}\left(-1,8\right)$ ;

## Solve maximum and minimum applications

Knowing that the vertex    of a parabola is the lowest or highest point of the parabola gives us an easy way to determine the minimum or maximum value of a quadratic equation. The y -coordinate of the vertex is the minimum y -value of a parabola that opens upward. It is the maximum y -value of a parabola that opens downward. See [link] .

## Minimum or maximum values of a quadratic equation

The y -coordinate of the vertex of the graph of a quadratic equation is the

• minimum value of the quadratic equation if the parabola opens upward.
• maximum value of the quadratic equation if the parabola opens downward.

Find the minimum value of the quadratic equation $y={x}^{2}+2x-8$ .

## Solution

 Since a is positive, the parabola opens upward. The quadratic equation has a minimum. Find the axis of symmetry. The axis of symmetry is $x=-1$ . The vertex is on the line $x=-1.$ Find y when $x=-1.$ The vertex is $\left(-1,-9\right)$ . Since the parabola has a minimum, the y- coordinate of the vertex is the minimum y- value of the quadratic equation. The minimum value of the quadratic is $-9$ and it occurs when $x=-1$ . Show the graph to verify the result.

Find the maximum or minimum value of the quadratic equation $y={x}^{2}-8x+12$ .

The minimum value is $-4$ when $x=4$ .

Find the maximum or minimum value of the quadratic equation $y=-4{x}^{2}+16x-11$ .

The maximum value is 5 when $x=2$ .

We have used the formula

$h=-16{t}^{2}+{v}_{0}t+{h}_{0}$

to calculate the height in feet, $h$ , of an object shot upwards into the air with initial velocity, ${v}_{0}$ , after $t$ seconds.

This formula is a quadratic equation in the variable $t$ , so its graph is a parabola. By solving for the coordinates of the vertex, we can find how long it will take the object to reach its maximum height. Then, we can calculate the maximum height.

The quadratic equation $h=-16{t}^{2}+{v}_{0}t+{h}_{0}$ models the height of a volleyball hit straight upwards with velocity 176 feet per second from a height of 4 feet.

1. How many seconds will it take the volleyball to reach its maximum height?
2. Find the maximum height of the volleyball.

## Solution

$h=-16{t}^{2}+176t+4$

Since a is negative, the parabola opens downward.

The quadratic equation has a maximum.

1. $\begin{array}{cccc}\text{Find the axis of symmetry.}\hfill & & & \phantom{\rule{4em}{0ex}}\begin{array}{c}t=-\frac{b}{2a}\hfill \\ t=-\frac{176}{2\left(-16\right)}\hfill \\ t=5.5\hfill \end{array}\hfill \\ & & & \phantom{\rule{4em}{0ex}}\text{The axis of symmetry is}\phantom{\rule{0.2em}{0ex}}t=5.5.\hfill \\ \text{The vertex is on the line}\phantom{\rule{0.2em}{0ex}}t=5.5.\hfill & & & \phantom{\rule{4em}{0ex}}\text{The maximum occurs when}\phantom{\rule{0.2em}{0ex}}t=5.5\phantom{\rule{0.2em}{0ex}}\text{seconds.}\hfill \end{array}$

2.  Find h when $t=5.5$ . Use a calculator to simplify. The vertex is $\left(5.5,488\right)$ . Since the parabola has a maximum, the h- coordinate of the vertex is the maximum y -value of the quadratic equation. The maximum value of the quadratic is 488 feet and it occurs when $t=5.5$ seconds.

a trader gains 20 rupees loses 42 rupees and then gains ten rupees Express algebraically the result of his transactions
a trader gains 20 rupees loses 42 rupees and then gains 10 rupees Express algebraically the result of his three transactions
vinaya
a trader gains 20 rupees loses 42 rupees and then gains 10 rupees Express algebraically the result of his three transactions
vinaya
a trader gains 20 rupees loses 42 rupees and then gains 10 rupees Express algebraically the result of his three transactions
vinaya
Kim is making eight gallons of punch from fruit juice and soda. The fruit juice costs $6.04 per gallon and the soda costs$4.28 per gallon. How much fruit juice and how much soda should she use so that the punch costs $5.71 per gallon? Mohamed Reply (a+b)(p+q+r)(b+c)(p+q+r)(c+a) (p+q+r) muhammad Reply 4x-7y=8 2x-7y=1 what is the answer? Ramil Reply x=7/2 & y=6/7 Pbp x=7/2 & y=6/7 use Elimination Debra true bismark factoriz e usman 4x-7y=8 X=7/4y+2 and 2x-7y=1 x=7/2y+1/2 Peggie Ok cool answer peggie Frank thanks Ramil copy and complete the table. x. 5. 8. 12. then 9x-5. to the 2nd power+4. then 2xto the second power +3x Sandra Reply What is c+4=8 Penny Reply 2 Letha 4 Lolita 4 Rich 4 thinking C+4=8 -4 -4 C =4 thinking I need to study Letha 4+4=8 William During two years in college, a student earned$9,500. The second year, she earned $500 more than twice the amount she earned the first year. Nicole Reply 9500=500+2x Debra 9500-500=9000 9000÷2×=4500 X=4500 Debra X + Y = 9500....... & Y = 500 + 2X so.... X + 500 + 2X = 9500, them X = 3000 & Y = 6500 Pbp Bruce drives his car for his job. The equation R=0.575m+42 models the relation between the amount in dollars, R, that he is reimbursed and the number of miles, m, he drives in one day. Find the amount Bruce is reimbursed on a day when he drives 220 miles. Josh Reply Reiko needs to mail her Christmas cards and packages and wants to keep her mailing costs to no more than$500. The number of cards is at least 4 more than twice the number of packages. The cost of mailing a card (with pictures enclosed) is $3 and for a package the cost is$7.
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The sum of two numbers is 155. The difference is 23. Find the numbers
The sum of two numbers is 155. Their difference is 23. Find the numbers
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The difference between 89 and 66 is 23
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Joy is preparing 20 liters of a 25% saline solution. She only has 40% and 10% solution in her lab. How many liters of the 40% and how many liters of the 10% should she mix to make the 25% solution?
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Sue and Deb work together writing a book that takes them 90 days. If Sue worked alone, it would take her 120 days. How long would it take Deb to write the book alone?
Tell Deb to write the book alone and report back on how long it took her. Deb could get bored and stop, she could get sick next week and prolong the time, she could die next month. This question is impossible to answer.
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Larry and Tom were standing next to each other in the backyard when Tom challenged Larry to guess how tall he was. Larry knew his own height is 6.5 feet and when they measured their shadows, Larry’s shadow was 8 feet and Tom’s was 7.75 feet long. What is Tom’s height?
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Wayne is hanging a string of lights 57 feet long around the three sides of his patio, which is adjacent to his house. the length of his patio, the side along the house, is 5 feet longer than twice it's width. Find the length and width of the patio.
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SOH = Sine is Opposite over Hypotenuse. CAH= Cosine is Adjacent over Hypotenuse. TOA = Tangent is Opposite over Adjacent.
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H=57 and O=285 figure out what the adjacent?
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Amara currently sells televisions for company A at a salary of $17,000 plus a$100 commission for each television she sells. Company B offers her a position with a salary of $29,000 plus a$20 commission for each television she sells. How many televisions would Amara need to sell for the options to be equal?
what is the quantity and price of the televisions for both options?
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Amara has to sell 120 televisions to make 29,000 of the salary of company B. 120 * TV 100= commission 12,000+ 17,000 = of company a salary 29,000 17000+
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Amara has to sell 120 televisions to make 29,000 of the salary of company B. 120 * TV 100= commission 12,000+ 17,000 = of company a salary 29,000
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