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Identify the conic for each of the following without rotating axes.

  1. x 2 9 x y + 3 y 2 12 = 0
  2. 10 x 2 9 x y + 4 y 2 4 = 0
  1. hyperbola
  2. ellipse
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Access this online resource for additional instruction and practice with conic sections and rotation of axes.

Key equations

General Form equation of a conic section A x 2 + B x y + C y 2 + D x + E y + F = 0
Rotation of a conic section x = x cos   θ y sin   θ y = x sin   θ + y cos   θ
Angle of rotation θ , where  cot ( 2 θ ) = A C B

Key concepts

  • Four basic shapes can result from the intersection of a plane with a pair of right circular cones connected tail to tail. They include an ellipse, a circle, a hyperbola, and a parabola.
  • A nondegenerate conic section has the general form A x 2 + B x y + C y 2 + D x + E y + F = 0 where A , B and C are not all zero. The values of A , B , and C determine the type of conic. See [link] .
  • Equations of conic sections with an x y term have been rotated about the origin. See [link] .
  • The general form can be transformed into an equation in the x and y coordinate system without the x y term. See [link] and [link] .
  • An expression is described as invariant if it remains unchanged after rotating. Because the discriminant is invariant, observing it enables us to identify the conic section. See [link] .

Section exercises

Verbal

What effect does the x y term have on the graph of a conic section?

The x y term causes a rotation of the graph to occur.

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If the equation of a conic section is written in the form A x 2 + B y 2 + C x + D y + E = 0 and A B = 0 , what can we conclude?

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If the equation of a conic section is written in the form A x 2 + B x y + C y 2 + D x + E y + F = 0 , and B 2 4 A C > 0 , what can we conclude?

The conic section is a hyperbola.

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Given the equation a x 2 + 4 x + 3 y 2 12 = 0 , what can we conclude if a > 0 ?

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For the equation A x 2 + B x y + C y 2 + D x + E y + F = 0 , the value of θ that satisfies cot ( 2 θ ) = A C B gives us what information?

It gives the angle of rotation of the axes in order to eliminate the x y term.

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Algebraic

For the following exercises, determine which conic section is represented based on the given equation.

9 x 2 + 4 y 2 + 72 x + 36 y 500 = 0

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x 2 10 x + 4 y 10 = 0

A B = 0 , parabola

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2 x 2 2 y 2 + 4 x 6 y 2 = 0

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4 x 2 y 2 + 8 x 1 = 0

A B = 4 < 0 , hyperbola

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4 y 2 5 x + 9 y + 1 = 0

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2 x 2 + 3 y 2 8 x 12 y + 2 = 0

A B = 6 > 0 , ellipse

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4 x 2 + 9 x y + 4 y 2 36 y 125 = 0

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3 x 2 + 6 x y + 3 y 2 36 y 125 = 0

B 2 4 A C = 0 , parabola

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3 x 2 + 3 3 x y 4 y 2 + 9 = 0

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2 x 2 + 4 3 x y + 6 y 2 6 x 3 = 0

B 2 4 A C = 0 , parabola

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x 2 + 4 2 x y + 2 y 2 2 y + 1 = 0

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8 x 2 + 4 2 x y + 4 y 2 10 x + 1 = 0

B 2 4 A C = 96 < 0 , ellipse

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For the following exercises, find a new representation of the given equation after rotating through the given angle.

3 x 2 + x y + 3 y 2 5 = 0 , θ = 45°

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4 x 2 x y + 4 y 2 2 = 0 , θ = 45°

7 x 2 + 9 y 2 4 = 0

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2 x 2 + 8 x y 1 = 0 , θ = 30°

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2 x 2 + 8 x y + 1 = 0 , θ = 45°

3 x 2 + 2 x y 5 y 2 + 1 = 0

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4 x 2 + 2 x y + 4 y 2 + y + 2 = 0 , θ = 45°

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For the following exercises, determine the angle θ that will eliminate the x y term and write the corresponding equation without the x y term.

x 2 + 3 3 x y + 4 y 2 + y 2 = 0

θ = 60 , 11 x 2 y 2 + 3 x + y 4 = 0

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4 x 2 + 2 3 x y + 6 y 2 + y 2 = 0

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9 x 2 3 3 x y + 6 y 2 + 4 y 3 = 0

θ = 150 , 21 x 2 + 9 y 2 + 4 x 4 3 y 6 = 0

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−3 x 2 3 x y 2 y 2 x = 0

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16 x 2 + 24 x y + 9 y 2 + 6 x 6 y + 2 = 0

θ 36.9 , 125 x 2 + 6 x 42 y + 10 = 0

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x 2 + 4 x y + 4 y 2 + 3 x 2 = 0

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x 2 + 4 x y + y 2 2 x + 1 = 0

θ = 45 , 3 x 2 y 2 2 x + 2 y + 1 = 0

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4 x 2 2 3 x y + 6 y 2 1 = 0

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Graphical

For the following exercises, rotate through the given angle based on the given equation. Give the new equation and graph the original and rotated equation.

y = x 2 , θ = 45

2 2 ( x + y ) = 1 2 ( x y ) 2

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x 2 4 + y 2 1 = 1 , θ = 45

( x y ) 2 8 + ( x + y ) 2 2 = 1

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y 2 16 + x 2 9 = 1 , θ = 45

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y 2 x 2 = 1 , θ = 45

( x + y ) 2 2 ( x y ) 2 2 = 1

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x = ( y 1 ) 2 , θ = 30

3 2 x 1 2 y = ( 1 2 x + 3 2 y 1 ) 2

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x 2 9 + y 2 4 = 1 , θ = 30

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For the following exercises, graph the equation relative to the x y system in which the equation has no x y term.

x 2 + 10 x y + y 2 6 = 0

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x 2 10 x y + y 2 24 = 0

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4 x 2 3 3 x y + y 2 22 = 0

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6 x 2 + 2 3 x y + 4 y 2 21 = 0

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11 x 2 + 10 3 x y + y 2 64 = 0

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21 x 2 + 2 3 x y + 19 y 2 18 = 0

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16 x 2 + 24 x y + 9 y 2 130 x + 90 y = 0

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16 x 2 + 24 x y + 9 y 2 60 x + 80 y = 0

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13 x 2 6 3 x y + 7 y 2 16 = 0

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4 x 2 4 x y + y 2 8 5 x 16 5 y = 0

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For the following exercises, determine the angle of rotation in order to eliminate the x y term. Then graph the new set of axes.

6 x 2 5 3 x y + y 2 + 10 x 12 y = 0

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6 x 2 5 x y + 6 y 2 + 20 x y = 0

θ = 45

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6 x 2 8 3 x y + 14 y 2 + 10 x 3 y = 0

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4 x 2 + 6 3 x y + 10 y 2 + 20 x 40 y = 0

θ = 60

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8 x 2 + 3 x y + 4 y 2 + 2 x 4 = 0

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16 x 2 + 24 x y + 9 y 2 + 20 x 44 y = 0

θ 36.9

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For the following exercises, determine the value of k based on the given equation.

Given 4 x 2 + k x y + 16 y 2 + 8 x + 24 y 48 = 0 , find k for the graph to be a parabola.

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Given 2 x 2 + k x y + 12 y 2 + 10 x 16 y + 28 = 0 , find k for the graph to be an ellipse.

4 6 < k < 4 6

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Given 3 x 2 + k x y + 4 y 2 6 x + 20 y + 128 = 0 , find k for the graph to be a hyperbola.

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Given k x 2 + 8 x y + 8 y 2 12 x + 16 y + 18 = 0 , find k for the graph to be a parabola.

k = 2

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Given 6 x 2 + 12 x y + k y 2 + 16 x + 10 y + 4 = 0 , find k for the graph to be an ellipse.

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Questions & Answers

Three charges q_{1}=+3\mu C, q_{2}=+6\mu C and q_{3}=+8\mu C are located at (2,0)m (0,0)m and (0,3) coordinates respectively. Find the magnitude and direction acted upon q_{2} by the two other charges.Draw the correct graphical illustration of the problem above showing the direction of all forces.
Kate Reply
To solve this problem, we need to first find the net force acting on charge q_{2}. The magnitude of the force exerted by q_{1} on q_{2} is given by F=\frac{kq_{1}q_{2}}{r^{2}} where k is the Coulomb constant, q_{1} and q_{2} are the charges of the particles, and r is the distance between them.
Muhammed
What is the direction and net electric force on q_{1}= 5µC located at (0,4)r due to charges q_{2}=7mu located at (0,0)m and q_{3}=3\mu C located at (4,0)m?
Kate Reply
what is the change in momentum of a body?
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what is a capacitor?
Raymond Reply
Capacitor is a separation of opposite charges using an insulator of very small dimension between them. Capacitor is used for allowing an AC (alternating current) to pass while a DC (direct current) is blocked.
Gautam
A motor travelling at 72km/m on sighting a stop sign applying the breaks such that under constant deaccelerate in the meters of 50 metres what is the magnitude of the accelerate
Maria Reply
please solve
Sharon
8m/s²
Aishat
What is Thermodynamics
Muordit
velocity can be 72 km/h in question. 72 km/h=20 m/s, v^2=2.a.x , 20^2=2.a.50, a=4 m/s^2.
Mehmet
A boat travels due east at a speed of 40meter per seconds across a river flowing due south at 30meter per seconds. what is the resultant speed of the boat
Saheed Reply
50 m/s due south east
Someone
which has a higher temperature, 1cup of boiling water or 1teapot of boiling water which can transfer more heat 1cup of boiling water or 1 teapot of boiling water explain your . answer
Ramon Reply
I believe temperature being an intensive property does not change for any amount of boiling water whereas heat being an extensive property changes with amount/size of the system.
Someone
Scratch that
Someone
temperature for any amount of water to boil at ntp is 100⁰C (it is a state function and and intensive property) and it depends both will give same amount of heat because the surface available for heat transfer is greater in case of the kettle as well as the heat stored in it but if you talk.....
Someone
about the amount of heat stored in the system then in that case since the mass of water in the kettle is greater so more energy is required to raise the temperature b/c more molecules of water are present in the kettle
Someone
definitely of physics
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how many start and codon
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what is field
Felix Reply
physics, biology and chemistry this is my Field
ALIYU
field is a region of space under the influence of some physical properties
Collete
what is ogarnic chemistry
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determine the slope giving that 3y+ 2x-14=0
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Another formula for Acceleration
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a=v/t. a=f/m a
IHUMA
innocent
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pratica A on solution of hydro chloric acid,B is a solution containing 0.5000 mole ofsodium chlorid per dm³,put A in the burret and titrate 20.00 or 25.00cm³ portion of B using melting orange as the indicator. record the deside of your burret tabulate the burret reading and calculate the average volume of acid used?
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Two bodies attract each other electrically. Do they both have to be charged? Answer the same question if the bodies repel one another.
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No. According to Isac Newtons law. this two bodies maybe you and the wall beside you. Attracting depends on the mass och each body and distance between them.
Dlovan
Are you really asking if two bodies have to be charged to be influenced by Coulombs Law?
Robert
like charges repel while unlike charges atttact
Raymond
What is specific heat capacity
Destiny Reply
Specific heat capacity is a measure of the amount of energy required to raise the temperature of a substance by one degree Celsius (or Kelvin). It is measured in Joules per kilogram per degree Celsius (J/kg°C).
AI-Robot
specific heat capacity is the amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of a substance by one degree Celsius or kelvin
ROKEEB
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Source:  OpenStax, College algebra. OpenStax CNX. Feb 06, 2015 Download for free at https://legacy.cnx.org/content/col11759/1.3
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