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When examining the formula of a function that is the result of multiple transformations, how can you tell a horizontal stretch from a vertical stretch?

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When examining the formula of a function that is the result of multiple transformations, how can you tell a horizontal compression from a vertical compression?

A horizontal compression results when a constant greater than 1 is multiplied by the input. A vertical compression results when a constant between 0 and 1 is multiplied by the output.

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When examining the formula of a function that is the result of multiple transformations, how can you tell a reflection with respect to the x -axis from a reflection with respect to the y -axis?

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How can you determine whether a function is odd or even from the formula of the function?

For a function f , substitute ( x ) for ( x ) in f ( x ) . Simplify. If the resulting function is the same as the original function, f ( x ) = f ( x ) , then the function is even. If the resulting function is the opposite of the original function, f ( x ) = f ( x ) , then the original function is odd. If the function is not the same or the opposite, then the function is neither odd nor even.

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Algebraic

For the following exercises, write a formula for the function obtained when the graph is shifted as described.

f ( x ) = x is shifted up 1 unit and to the left 2 units.

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f ( x ) = | x | is shifted down 3 units and to the right 1 unit.

g ( x ) = | x - 1 | 3

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f ( x ) = 1 x is shifted down 4 units and to the right 3 units.

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f ( x ) = 1 x 2 is shifted up 2 units and to the left 4 units.

g ( x ) = 1 ( x + 4 ) 2 + 2

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For the following exercises, describe how the graph of the function is a transformation of the graph of the original function f .

y = f ( x + 43 )

The graph of f ( x + 43 ) is a horizontal shift to the left 43 units of the graph of f .

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y = f ( x 4 )

The graph of f ( x - 4 ) is a horizontal shift to the right 4 units of the graph of f .

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y = f ( x ) + 8

The graph of f ( x ) + 8 is a vertical shift up 8 units of the graph of f .

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y = f ( x ) 7

The graph of f ( x ) 7 is a vertical shift down 7 units of the graph of f .

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y = f ( x + 4 ) 1

The graph of f ( x + 4 ) 1 is a horizontal shift to the left 4 units and a vertical shift down 1 unit of the graph of f .

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For the following exercises, determine the interval(s) on which the function is increasing and decreasing.

f ( x ) = 4 ( x + 1 ) 2 5

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g ( x ) = 5 ( x + 3 ) 2 2

decreasing on ( , 3 ) and increasing on ( 3 , )

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k ( x ) = 3 x 1

decreasing on ( 0 , )

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Graphical

For the following exercises, use the graph of f ( x ) = 2 x shown in [link] to sketch a graph of each transformation of f ( x ) .

Graph of f(x).

For the following exercises, sketch a graph of the function as a transformation of the graph of one of the toolkit functions.

f ( t ) = ( t + 1 ) 2 3

Graph of f(t).
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h ( x ) = | x 1 | + 4

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k ( x ) = ( x 2 ) 3 1

Graph of k(x).
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Numeric

Tabular representations for the functions f , g , and h are given below. Write g ( x ) and h ( x ) as transformations of f ( x ) .

x −2 −1 0 1 2
f ( x ) −2 −1 −3 1 2
x −1 0 1 2 3
g ( x ) −2 −1 −3 1 2
x −2 −1 0 1 2
h ( x ) −1 0 −2 2 3

g ( x ) = f ( x - 1 ) , h ( x ) = f ( x ) + 1

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Tabular representations for the functions f , g , and h are given below. Write g ( x ) and h ( x ) as transformations of f ( x ) .

x −2 −1 0 1 2
f ( x ) −1 −3 4 2 1
x −3 −2 −1 0 1
g ( x ) −1 −3 4 2 1
x −2 −1 0 1 2
h ( x ) −2 −4 3 1 0
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For the following exercises, write an equation for each graphed function by using transformations of the graphs of one of the toolkit functions.

Graph of an absolute function.

f ( x ) = | x - 3 | 2

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Graph of an absolute function.

f ( x ) = | x + 3 | 2

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For the following exercises, use the graphs of transformations of the square root function to find a formula for each of the functions.

For the following exercises, use the graphs of the transformed toolkit functions to write a formula for each of the resulting functions.

Graph of a parabola.

f ( x ) = ( x + 1 ) 2 + 2

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For the following exercises, determine whether the function is odd, even, or neither.

For the following exercises, describe how the graph of each function is a transformation of the graph of the original function f .

g ( x ) = f ( x )

The graph of g is a vertical reflection (across the x -axis) of the graph of f .

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g ( x ) = 4 f ( x )

The graph of g is a vertical stretch by a factor of 4 of the graph of f .

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g ( x ) = f ( 5 x )

The graph of g is a horizontal compression by a factor of 1 5 of the graph of f .

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g ( x ) = f ( 1 3 x )

The graph of g is a horizontal stretch by a factor of 3 of the graph of f .

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g ( x ) = 3 f ( x )

The graph of g is a horizontal reflection across the y -axis and a vertical stretch by a factor of 3 of the graph of f .

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For the following exercises, write a formula for the function g that results when the graph of a given toolkit function is transformed as described.

The graph of f ( x ) = | x | is reflected over the y - axis and horizontally compressed by a factor of 1 4 .

g ( x ) = | 4 x |

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The graph of f ( x ) = x is reflected over the x -axis and horizontally stretched by a factor of 2.

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The graph of f ( x ) = 1 x 2 is vertically compressed by a factor of 1 3 , then shifted to the left 2 units and down 3 units.

g ( x ) = 1 3 ( x + 2 ) 2 3

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The graph of f ( x ) = 1 x is vertically stretched by a factor of 8, then shifted to the right 4 units and up 2 units.

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The graph of f ( x ) = x 2 is vertically compressed by a factor of 1 2 , then shifted to the right 5 units and up 1 unit.

g ( x ) = 1 2 ( x - 5 ) 2 + 1

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The graph of f ( x ) = x 2 is horizontally stretched by a factor of 3, then shifted to the left 4 units and down 3 units.

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For the following exercises, describe how the formula is a transformation of a toolkit function. Then sketch a graph of the transformation.

g ( x ) = 4 ( x + 1 ) 2 5

The graph of the function f ( x ) = x 2 is shifted to the left 1 unit, stretched vertically by a factor of 4, and shifted down 5 units.

Graph of a parabola.
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g ( x ) = 5 ( x + 3 ) 2 2

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h ( x ) = 2 | x 4 | + 3

The graph of f ( x ) = | x | is stretched vertically by a factor of 2, shifted horizontally 4 units to the right, reflected across the horizontal axis, and then shifted vertically 3 units up.

Graph of an absolute function.
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m ( x ) = 1 2 x 3

The graph of the function f ( x ) = x 3 is compressed vertically by a factor of 1 2 .

Graph of a cubic function.
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n ( x ) = 1 3 | x 2 |

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p ( x ) = ( 1 3 x ) 3 3

The graph of the function is stretched horizontally by a factor of 3 and then shifted vertically downward by 3 units.

Graph of a cubic function.
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q ( x ) = ( 1 4 x ) 3 + 1

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a ( x ) = x + 4

The graph of f ( x ) = x is shifted right 4 units and then reflected across the vertical line x = 4.

Graph of a square root function.
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For the following exercises, use the graph in [link] to sketch the given transformations.

Graph of a polynomial.

Questions & Answers

If c is the cost function for a particular product, find the marginal cost functions and their values at x=10 a. c(x) = 800+ 0.04x + 0.0002x² b. c(x) = 250 + 100x + 0.001x²
Mamush Reply
how can I find set theory
Ephraim Reply
how can I find set theory
Jarvis
is there an error on the one about the dime's thickness? says 2.2x10⁶=0.00135 m
Patrick Reply
hi, interested in algebra
Makan Reply
how to reduce an equation?
Makan
by manipulation of both side
Al
9(y+8)-27 is 9y+45. Why can't you reduce that to y+5? I know that's wrong but can't explain why
Patrick Reply
when you reduce an equation to its simplest terms, you can't change the value of the equation. reducing it to y + 5 is equivalent to dividing it by 9 which changes the value. you can multiply it by 1 or 9/9 which would give 9(y + 5). multiplying it by one does not change the value.
Philip
Given a polynomial expression, factor out the greatest common factor.
Hanu Reply
WHAT IS QUADRATIC EQUATION?
Charles Reply
WHAT IS SYSTEM OF LINEAR INEWUALITIES?
Charles
WHAT IS SYSTEM OF LINEAR INEWUALITIES?
Charles
complex perform
Angel
what is equation?
Charles Reply
what are equations?
Charles
Definition of economics according to karl Marx Thomas malthus Jeremy bentham David Ricardo J.K
Rakiya
Please help me is assignment
Rakiya
The 47th problem of Euclid
Kenneth
show that the set of all natural number form semi group under the composition of addition
Nikhil Reply
what is the meaning
Dominic
explain and give four Example hyperbolic function
Lukman Reply
_3_2_1
felecia
⅗ ⅔½
felecia
_½+⅔-¾
felecia
The denominator of a certain fraction is 9 more than the numerator. If 6 is added to both terms of the fraction, the value of the fraction becomes 2/3. Find the original fraction. 2. The sum of the least and greatest of 3 consecutive integers is 60. What are the valu
SABAL Reply
1. x + 6 2 -------------- = _ x + 9 + 6 3 x + 6 3 ----------- x -- (cross multiply) x + 15 2 3(x + 6) = 2(x + 15) 3x + 18 = 2x + 30 (-2x from both) x + 18 = 30 (-18 from both) x = 12 Test: 12 + 6 18 2 -------------- = --- = --- 12 + 9 + 6 27 3
Pawel
2. (x) + (x + 2) = 60 2x + 2 = 60 2x = 58 x = 29 29, 30, & 31
Pawel
ok
Ifeanyi
on number 2 question How did you got 2x +2
Ifeanyi
combine like terms. x + x + 2 is same as 2x + 2
Pawel
x*x=2
felecia
2+2x=
felecia
×/×+9+6/1
Debbie
Q2 x+(x+2)+(x+4)=60 3x+6=60 3x+6-6=60-6 3x=54 3x/3=54/3 x=18 :. The numbers are 18,20 and 22
Naagmenkoma
Mark and Don are planning to sell each of their marble collections at a garage sale. If Don has 1 more than 3 times the number of marbles Mark has, how many does each boy have to sell if the total number of marbles is 113?
mariel Reply
Mark = x,. Don = 3x + 1 x + 3x + 1 = 113 4x = 112, x = 28 Mark = 28, Don = 85, 28 + 85 = 113
Pawel
how do I set up the problem?
Harshika Reply
what is a solution set?
Harshika
find the subring of gaussian integers?
Rofiqul
hello, I am happy to help!
Shirley Reply
please can go further on polynomials quadratic
Abdullahi
hi mam
Mark
I need quadratic equation link to Alpa Beta
Abdullahi Reply

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Source:  OpenStax, College algebra. OpenStax CNX. Feb 06, 2015 Download for free at https://legacy.cnx.org/content/col11759/1.3
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