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Section exercises

Verbal

What is an n th partial sum?

An n th partial sum is the sum of the first n terms of a sequence.

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What is the difference between an arithmetic sequence and an arithmetic series?

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What is a geometric series?

A geometric series is the sum of the terms in a geometric sequence.

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How is finding the sum of an infinite geometric series different from finding the n th partial sum?

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What is an annuity?

An annuity is a series of regular equal payments that earn a constant compounded interest.

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Algebraic

For the following exercises, express each description of a sum using summation notation.

The sum of terms m 2 + 3 m from m = 1 to m = 5

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The sum from of n = 0 to n = 4 of 5 n

n = 0 4 5 n

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The sum of 6 k 5 from k = 2 to k = 1

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The sum that results from adding the number 4 five times

k = 1 5 4

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For the following exercises, express each arithmetic sum using summation notation.

5 + 10 + 15 + 20 + 25 + 30 + 35 + 40 + 45 + 50

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10 + 18 + 26 + + 162

k = 1 20 8 k + 2

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1 2 + 1 + 3 2 + 2 + + 4

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For the following exercises, use the formula for the sum of the first n terms of each arithmetic sequence.

3 2 + 2 + 5 2 + 3 + 7 2

S 5 = 5 ( 3 2 + 7 2 ) 2

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3.2 + 3.4 + 3.6 + + 5.6

S 13 = 13 ( 3.2 + 5.6 ) 2

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For the following exercises, express each geometric sum using summation notation.

1 + 3 + 9 + 27 + 81 + 243 + 729 + 2187

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8 + 4 + 2 + + 0.125

k = 1 7 8 0.5 k 1

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1 6 + 1 12 1 24 + + 1 768

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For the following exercises, use the formula for the sum of the first n terms of each geometric sequence, and then state the indicated sum.

9 + 3 + 1 + 1 3 + 1 9

S 5 = 9 ( 1 ( 1 3 ) 5 ) 1 1 3 = 121 9 13.44

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n = 1 9 5 2 n 1

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a = 1 11 64 0.2 a 1

S 11 = 64 ( 1 0.2 11 ) 1 0.2 = 781 , 249 , 984 9 , 765 , 625 80

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For the following exercises, determine whether the infinite series has a sum. If so, write the formula for the sum. If not, state the reason.

2 + 1.6 + 1.28 + 1.024 + ...

The series is defined. S = 2 1 0.8

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k = 1 ( 1 2 ) k 1

The series is defined. S = 1 1 ( 1 2 )

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Graphical

For the following exercises, use the following scenario. Javier makes monthly deposits into a savings account. He opened the account with an initial deposit of $50. Each month thereafter he increased the previous deposit amount by $20.

Graph the arithmetic sequence showing one year of Javier’s deposits.

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Graph the arithmetic series showing the monthly sums of one year of Javier’s deposits.

Graph of Javier's deposits where the x-axis is the months of the year and the y-axis is the sum of deposits.
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For the following exercises, use the geometric series k = 1 ( 1 2 ) k .

Graph the first 7 partial sums of the series.

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What number does S n seem to be approaching in the graph? Find the sum to explain why this makes sense.

Sample answer: The graph of S n seems to be approaching 1. This makes sense because k = 1 ( 1 2 ) k is a defined infinite geometric series with S = 1 2 1 ( 1 2 ) = 1.

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Numeric

For the following exercises, find the indicated sum.

n = 1 6 n ( n 2 )

49

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For the following exercises, use the formula for the sum of the first n terms of an arithmetic series to find the sum.

1.7 + 0.4 + 0.9 + 2.2 + 3.5 + 4.8

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6 + 15 2 + 9 + 21 2 + 12 + 27 2 + 15

S 7 = 147 2

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1 + 3 + 7 + ... + 31

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k = 1 11 ( k 2 1 2 )

S 11 = 55 2

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For the following exercises, use the formula for the sum of the first n terms of a geometric series to find the partial sum.

S 6 for the series 2 10 50 250...

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S 7 for the series 0.4 2 + 10 50...

S 7 = 5208.4

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n = 1 10 2 ( 1 2 ) n 1

S 10 = 1023 256

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For the following exercises, find the sum of the infinite geometric series.

1 1 4 1 16 1 64 ...

S = 4 3

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k = 1 3 ( 1 4 ) k 1

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n = 1 4.6 0.5 n 1

S = 9.2

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For the following exercises, determine the value of the annuity for the indicated monthly deposit amount, the number of deposits, and the interest rate.

Deposit amount: $ 50 ; total deposits: 60 ; interest rate: 5 % , compounded monthly

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Deposit amount: $ 150 ; total deposits: 24 ; interest rate: 3 % , compounded monthly

$3,705.42

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Deposit amount: $ 450 ; total deposits: 60 ; interest rate: 4.5 % , compounded quarterly

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Deposit amount: $ 100 ; total deposits: 120 ; interest rate: 10 % , compounded semi-annually

$695,823.97

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Extensions

The sum of terms 50 k 2 from k = x through 7 is 115. What is x ?

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Write an explicit formula for a k such that k = 0 6 a k = 189. Assume this is an arithmetic series.

a k = 30 k

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Find the smallest value of n such that k = 1 n ( 3 k 5 ) > 100.

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How many terms must be added before the series 1 3 5 7 ....   has a sum less than 75 ?

9 terms

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Write 0. 65 ¯ as an infinite geometric series using summation notation. Then use the formula for finding the sum of an infinite geometric series to convert 0. 65 ¯ to a fraction.

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The sum of an infinite geometric series is five times the value of the first term. What is the common ratio of the series?

r = 4 5

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To get the best loan rates available, the Riches want to save enough money to place 20% down on a $160,000 home. They plan to make monthly deposits of $125 in an investment account that offers 8.5% annual interest compounded semi-annually. Will the Riches have enough for a 20% down payment after five years of saving? How much money will they have saved?

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Karl has two years to save $ 10 , 000 to buy a used car when he graduates. To the nearest dollar, what would his monthly deposits need to be if he invests in an account offering a 4.2% annual interest rate that compounds monthly?

$400 per month

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Real-world applications

Keisha devised a week-long study plan to prepare for finals. On the first day, she plans to study for 1 hour, and each successive day she will increase her study time by 30 minutes. How many hours will Keisha have studied after one week?

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A boulder rolled down a mountain, traveling 6 feet in the first second. Each successive second, its distance increased by 8 feet. How far did the boulder travel after 10 seconds?

420 feet

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A scientist places 50 cells in a petri dish. Every hour, the population increases by 1.5%. What will the cell count be after 1 day?

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A pendulum travels a distance of 3 feet on its first swing. On each successive swing, it travels 3 4 the distance of the previous swing. What is the total distance traveled by the pendulum when it stops swinging?

12 feet

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Rachael deposits $1,500 into a retirement fund each year. The fund earns 8.2% annual interest, compounded monthly. If she opened her account when she was 19 years old, how much will she have by the time she is 55? How much of that amount will be interest earned?

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Questions & Answers

how does Neisseria cause meningitis
Nyibol Reply
what is microbiologist
Muhammad Reply
what is errata
Muhammad
is the branch of biology that deals with the study of microorganisms.
Ntefuni Reply
What is microbiology
Mercy Reply
studies of microbes
Louisiaste
when we takee the specimen which lumbar,spin,
Ziyad Reply
How bacteria create energy to survive?
Muhamad Reply
Bacteria doesn't produce energy they are dependent upon their substrate in case of lack of nutrients they are able to make spores which helps them to sustain in harsh environments
_Adnan
But not all bacteria make spores, l mean Eukaryotic cells have Mitochondria which acts as powerhouse for them, since bacteria don't have it, what is the substitution for it?
Muhamad
they make spores
Louisiaste
what is sporadic nd endemic, epidemic
Aminu Reply
the significance of food webs for disease transmission
Abreham
food webs brings about an infection as an individual depends on number of diseased foods or carriers dully.
Mark
explain assimilatory nitrate reduction
Esinniobiwa Reply
Assimilatory nitrate reduction is a process that occurs in some microorganisms, such as bacteria and archaea, in which nitrate (NO3-) is reduced to nitrite (NO2-), and then further reduced to ammonia (NH3).
Elkana
This process is called assimilatory nitrate reduction because the nitrogen that is produced is incorporated in the cells of microorganisms where it can be used in the synthesis of amino acids and other nitrogen products
Elkana
Examples of thermophilic organisms
Shu Reply
Give Examples of thermophilic organisms
Shu
advantages of normal Flora to the host
Micheal Reply
Prevent foreign microbes to the host
Abubakar
they provide healthier benefits to their hosts
ayesha
They are friends to host only when Host immune system is strong and become enemies when the host immune system is weakened . very bad relationship!
Mark
what is cell
faisal Reply
cell is the smallest unit of life
Fauziya
cell is the smallest unit of life
Akanni
ok
Innocent
cell is the structural and functional unit of life
Hasan
is the fundamental units of Life
Musa
what are emergency diseases
Micheal Reply
There are nothing like emergency disease but there are some common medical emergency which can occur simultaneously like Bleeding,heart attack,Breathing difficulties,severe pain heart stock.Hope you will get my point .Have a nice day ❣️
_Adnan
define infection ,prevention and control
Innocent
I think infection prevention and control is the avoidance of all things we do that gives out break of infections and promotion of health practices that promote life
Lubega
Heyy Lubega hussein where are u from?
_Adnan
en français
Adama
which site have a normal flora
ESTHER Reply
Many sites of the body have it Skin Nasal cavity Oral cavity Gastro intestinal tract
Safaa
skin
Asiina
skin,Oral,Nasal,GIt
Sadik
How can Commensal can Bacteria change into pathogen?
Sadik
How can Commensal Bacteria change into pathogen?
Sadik
all
Tesfaye
by fussion
Asiina
what are the advantages of normal Flora to the host
Micheal
what are the ways of control and prevention of nosocomial infection in the hospital
Micheal
what is inflammation
Shelly Reply
part of a tissue or an organ being wounded or bruised.
Wilfred
what term is used to name and classify microorganisms?
Micheal Reply
Binomial nomenclature
adeolu
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Source:  OpenStax, College algebra. OpenStax CNX. Feb 06, 2015 Download for free at https://legacy.cnx.org/content/col11759/1.3
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