When the endpoints of a line segment are known, we can find the point midway between them. This point is known as the midpoint and the formula is known as the
midpoint formula . Given the endpoints of a line segment,
and
the midpoint formula states how to find the coordinates of the midpoint
A graphical view of a midpoint is shown in
[link] . Notice that the line segments on either side of the midpoint are congruent.
Finding the midpoint of the line segment
Find the midpoint of the line segment with the endpoints
and
Use the formula to find the midpoint of the line segment.
We can locate, or plot, points in the Cartesian coordinate system using ordered pairs, which are defined as displacement from the
x- axis and displacement from the
y- axis. See
[link] .
An equation can be graphed in the plane by creating a table of values and plotting points. See
[link].
Using a graphing calculator or a computer program makes graphing equations faster and more accurate. Equations usually have to be entered in the form
y= _____. See
[link].
Finding the
x- and
y- intercepts can define the graph of a line. These are the points where the graph crosses the axes. See
[link] .
The distance formula is derived from the Pythagorean Theorem and is used to find the length of a line segment. See
[link] and
[link] .
The midpoint formula provides a method of finding the coordinates of the midpoint dividing the sum of the
x -coordinates and the sum of the
y -coordinates of the endpoints by 2. See
[link] and
[link] .
Section exercises
Verbal
Is it possible for a point plotted in the Cartesian coordinate system to not lie in one of the four quadrants? Explain.
Answers may vary. Yes. It is possible for a point to be on the
x -axis or on the
y -axis and therefore is considered to NOT be in one of the quadrants.
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The term pathogen came into use in the 1880s.[1][2
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