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American Philosophical Society founded
American Academy of Arts and Sciences founded
Lewis and Clark Expedition
Smithsonian Institution founded
American Association for the Advancement of Science founded
Passage of Morrill Act, establishing land-grant colleges
Department of Agriculture established by Congress
National Academy of Sciences chartered
Johns Hopkins University founded
Coast and Geodetic Survey established
U.S. Geological Survey established
Allison Commission hearings
Weather Bureau established
National Bureau of Standards created
Public Health Service created
National Advisory Committee on Aeronautics established
Emphasis on scientific facilities in State of the Union message
National Research Council established by executive order on a temporary basis
National Research Council established on a permanent basis
Bureau of the Budget established within Treasury Department
Social Science Research Council created
Hygienic Laboratory within Public Health Service renamed National Institute of Health
Science Advisory Board (Compton Board) established
National Resources Committee established
Science Advisory Board expires
President’s Committee on Administrative Management report released
Relation of Federal Government to Research , vol. 1 of Research: a National Resource released
Executive Office of the President (EoP) created
Bureau of the Budget moved from Treasury Department to EoP
National Defense Research Committee established
Office of Scientific Research and Development established
Science—the Endless Frontier transmitted to President Truman
Council of Economic Advisors created within EoP
Atomic Energy Commission created
Office of Naval Research created on permanent basis
President’s Scientific Research Board (Steelman Board) created
Unification of Armed Forces with creation of Department of Defense
National Security Council created within EoP
Secretary of State Marshall announces plan for reconstruction of Europe
A Program for the Nation , vol. 1 of the Steelman Board’s Science and Public Policy , transmitted to President Truman
National Institute of Health renamed National Institutes of Health
Federal Council for Science and Technology established
National Science Foundation created
Science Advisory Committee to Office of Defense Mobilization created
Soviet Union places Sputnik into orbit
President’s Science Advisory Committee established
International Geophysical Year begins
National Defense Education Act signed into law
Defense Advanced Project Agency created within DoD
Arms Control and Disarmament Agency created
Office of Science and Technology created within EoP
Nuclear Test Ban treaty ratified by Congress
Bureau of the Budget renamed Office of Management and Budget
Environmental Protection Agency created
Office of Technology Assessment created
Abolition of presidential science advisory system made public
First Asilomar conference
Energy Research and Development Agency created, absorbing Atomic Energy Commission
Second Asilomar conference
National Science and Technology Policy, Organization and Priorities Act (PL 94-282) signed into law, establishing: President’s Council on Science and Technology; Office of Science and Technology Policy; Federal Coordinating Committee for Science, Engineering and Technology (renamed Federal Council for Science and Technology)
Department of Energy created
Bayh Dole Act passed by Congress
White House Science Council created
Strategic Defense Initiative proposed
President’s Council of Advisors on Science and Technology created
President’s Information Advisory Committee established
Critical Technologies Institute created
Government Performance and Results Act passed by Congress
National Science and Technology Council created, absorbing and expanding membership of Federal Coordinating Committee for Science, Engineering and Technology
National Nanotechnology Initiative approved by Congress
America Competes Act passed by Congress
American Recovery and Reinvention Act passed by Congress
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